Two years after the invasion of Ukraine in Russia, the United States, Britain and the European Union announced new sanctions on Russia.

The announcement of these measures is also a week after Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny died in prison.

What is sanctions?

Sanctions are punishments imposed by one country on another country to prevent them from adopting aggression or violation of international law.

Except for war, sanctions are one of the strictest measures that countries can take.

What are the latest sanctions on Russia?

Joe Biden, US President, announced 500 new sanctions on Russia, saying he would target Russia's war machines.Nearly 100 companies or individuals will be restricted by exports.

President Biden said these measures will also be targeted at people related to Navali.Navali died in an exile hell in the Arctic Circle.

Britain has frozen the assets of the six heads of the prison and prohibited them from going to the UK.

Britain also implemented a new ban on Russia's metals, diamonds and energy exports.

The European Union announced sanctions on 200 organizations and individuals, saying that it helped Russia to obtain weapons, or took Ukrainian children away from home.

Sanctions include companies and individuals participating in North Korean weapons to Russia.

What sanctions do Russia face?

Since Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, Russia, in February 2022, in February 2022, in February 2022, in February 2022The United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union, and Australia, Canada, and Japan have imposed more than 1,6500 sanctions on Russia.

Their main goal is Russia's funds.

Foreign exchange reserves worth 350 billion US dollars (276 billion pounds) are frozen, accounting for about half of Russian foreign exchange reserves.

The European Union said that about 70%of Russian banks were also frozen, and some banks were also excluded from the Swift international capital liquidation system, and the latter provided secure and efficient communication services for financial institutions.

Western countries also:

  • It is forbidden to export to Russia that may be used to make weapons technology
  • It is forbidden to import gold and diamonds from Russia
  • Forbidden to enter from Russia to enter
  • Sanctioning Russia's oligarch, that is, a wealthy businessman who is connected to the Kremlin and seizes its yacht

    • The oil industry in Russia is another main goal.

    The United States and the United Kingdom are prohibited from importing oil and natural gas from Russia.The European Union has banned the import of crude oil.

    The Seven Kingdoms Group (G7), consisting of the seven "developed" economies in the world, has implemented the highest price of $ 60 per barrel (47 pounds) of Russian crude oil to try to reduce Russia's oil revenue.

    Which Western companies have left Russia?

    Hundreds of large companies including McDonald's, Coca-Cola, Starbucks and Heineken have stopped selling and producing products in Russia.

    However, some companies are still in business in Russia.

    For example, Pepsico is accused of continuing to sell food in Russia.BBC found that Avon, a US cosmetics company, is producing products in a factory near Moscow.

    How did Russia escape sanctions?

    Russian President Vladimir Putin claims that European sanctions have not harmed Russia, he said, "We are growing, they are declining."

    According to data from the Atlantic Council, Russia has managed to sell oil to foreign countries at the price of the upper limit of the Seven Group.The think tank claims that a "shadow fleet" consisting of approximately 1,000 oil tankers is used to transport oil.

    The International Energy Agency said that Russia still exports 8.3 million barrels of oil every day -the country has added supply to India and China.

    Researchers at King's College London said that Russia can also import many sanctions through sanctions through Georgia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan.

    Dr. Maria Snegovaya,

    The Center for Strategic and International Studies, said that China has always been an important supplier of Western high -tech product alternatives.

    "China sells chips to Russia and other components needed for military production," she said."Without the help of China, Russia would not be able to do this."

    What impact has sanctions on the Russian economy?

    According to data based on the International Monetary Fund, in 2022, the first year of the war broke out, the Russian economy shrank 2.1%.

    However, the agency estimates that the Russian economy will increase by 2.2%in 2023 and will increase by 1.1%in 2024.

    Nevertheless, the US Treasury still said that sanctions have caused damage to Russia and reduced its economic growth by 5%in the past two years.

    Dannegasa said: "Sanctions did not allow Russia to pay enough price in this war, which means that Russia can continue the war in the future."

    The U.S. Treasury also said that the Russian and Ukraine War and sanctions have led to more than 1 million people to leave Russia, many of which are young people who have received higher education.

    According to the British Ministry of Defense, the Russian government has been cutting medical expenditures to fund the war in Ukraine.

    "This mainly affects people in rural areas." James Nixey, the Royal Institute of Foreign Affairs Think Tank, said."The government is cutting the expenses there, not in big cities, because it may cause uprising in big cities."