With a good policy and environment, both unicorn and general enterprises will go further and make big cakes, so it is more conducive to the allocation and sharing of the whole society.

Looking around at the moment, it is not just the pain of the company and the industry, but the cake is difficult to make. Even the highest management also asked: What is the main cause of the new increase in domestic unicorn companies?

Unicorn enterprises refer to unlisted enterprises with less than 10 years and the company's valuation of more than $ 1 billion.Such companies will be the main direction of the future market development, with a large volume and core competitiveness.According to the 2023 global unicorn list released by Hurun, although the number of Chinese unicorn in 2023 ranked second in the world in the world, only 15 were added in the past year. In 2022, this number is 40. In 2018It is 156.In 2023, the US unicorn increased by 179, and in the past year, more than 500 unicorn companies were born worldwide, with an average of nearly 10 per week.

Not only the decline in newly -added beast enterprises, only 20 of the top 20 listed companies in the world, and now only a Chinese company in Tencent remains; from 2016 to 2019, among the top 20 companies in the world,There are four or five Chinese companies, and Tencent and Ali basically ranks the top 10 in the world.These facts show that Chinese head enterprises are slowly stunning, and other large and medium -sized enterprises can not even see the taillights of the world's corporate giants.

Faced with reality, many people are thinking and summarizing, and there are no lack of insights, pointing directly to the core of the problem.Lu Ming, Executive Dean of the China Development Research Institute of Shanghai Jiaotong University, pointed out that "we sometimes introduce some shrinking policies to lead to the dare to develop by enterprises." The result is that everyone is willing to do some safe things.The areas of risks dare not invest.

To develop and survive, a sentence often mentioned in the past is to "grow bigger and stronger", and now it has added "doing excellence".However, if the policy is not good, it is at least loose; there are too many rules and rules. Whether it is a large company or a small enterprise, it will be very good.The rushing torrent of competition was eliminated.No separate beasts, general enterprises, especially private enterprises, can not stand the storm, and bankruptcy is the final destination.Because of this, a reduction in cakes is an inevitable.

Policies are of course on the one hand, on the other hand, the wisdom of the company's own survival is equally important.The extremely important point is that the investment and development and output of the selection is to be selected, and how to develop and develop sustainable development.

From the perspective of the top 20 companies in the global stock market, choosing the Chaoyang industry is important, such as information technology and medicine, but there are also no shortage of companies engaged in general industries.Business, debut for more than 20 years (established in 1998), is now one of the world's leading companies.There is also a well -known Tesla, the largest electric vehicle and solar board company in the United States. This company that belongs to the manufacturing industry is also in the top 20 giants in the world.

Under severe environment, Chinese companies also have no shortage of people to become bigger and stronger. The investment, R & D and product conversion upgrade of the glass industry noted this.Fuyao Glass Group has aimed at automotive glass since its establishment in 1987. Although it is not as tall as information technology, chips, artificial intelligence, and cutting -edge of genetic and polymer medicine, the result of it is not relaxed.Fuyao Glass Group has become the world's first and the world's second largest automotive glass manufacturer.

However, in the glass manufacturing industry, there are also fierce competition. Therefore, innovation and research and development determine the life and death and competitiveness of the enterprise.Another glass company, Xinyi Glass, found that no matter how hard it is, on the track of the car glass, it has always been unable to compete with Fuyao Glass.Since we cannot do stronger and bigger in this regard, new products must be developed.Therefore, Xinyi glass extends the tentacles to the floating glass used in the building, the photovoltaic glass in the new energy field, and even the glass of bulletproof and security.

This innovation and research and development has become the watershed of Xinyi and Fuyao.By 2022, Fuyao Glass's operating income was RMB 2.3603 billion (about S $ 4.4 billion), and the Fortune 500 ranked 478th.However, with the new product's Xinyi glass operating income of RMB 25.281 billion, ranking 453, the "Millennium Second" is finally overtaking Fuyao Glass, and it is not a curve, it is innovation and power overtaking.

On the other hand, whether it is a unicorn or a large enterprise, or even a general enterprise, R & D investment is the key to determining whether it can become bigger and stronger.In China, R & D investment has always been invested by government finance (including central, local, and universities), and enterprises have less investment.However, the practice and experience of the world unicorn and corporate giants show that the company's own investment research and development is the direct engine.

In this regard, Chinese companies have changed.In 2023, statistics from the EU Industrial R & D Investment Ranking Ranking R & D R & D R & D R & D R & D R & D. The United States has entered the list among the 2,500 companies, ranking first, which is more than six in 2021. It is always six more than six in 2021. It is a total of six.R & D investment is as high as 526.5 billion euros (about 765.1 billion yuan); 679 companies in China have entered the list, ranking second, one more than 2021, with a total R & D investment of 222 billion euros.

This situation shows that Chinese companies, especially private enterprises, have not grims, but are actively seeking development. In the research and development of self -investment in the enterprise, it is obviously including Xinyi and Fuyao Company.This also means that many private enterprises in China are aware that the development of enterprises is like the water, and it will retreat without entering, so it is trying to find breakthroughs and innovation.

It is also important to the development of enterprise is the change of concept.Chen Zhao, a professor at the School of Economics of Fudan University, recently interpreted the two seemingly contradictory statements, which is to remind the whole society to change their concepts.Some people deny the former but affirmed the latter.Chen Zhao believes that from the perspective of business operations, as long as it is legally compliant, there is not much difference between disorderly expansion and Da Xian's skills.If everything is done and foreseeable, then this company may lack competitiveness.Because of the original profit motivation, companies have tried to explore the fields that have not been involved in, and it is innovation.

This cognition can actually explain. Why is Xinyi Company competing with Fuyao, to explore the floating glass for the building that has not been involved in the building, and the photovoltaic glass in the new energy field.Enterprises are bigger and stronger and exceeded Fuyao, and they are not disorderly expansion of Fuyao and other glass companies.This is just as the Internet platform economy has gained opportunities in competition, and some of the territories of traditional financial institutions are scored and obtained. As long as it is reasonable and legal, it is not disorderly expansion, but innovative development.

If there is a loose and incentive policy, it will give private enterprises greater confidence.In this regard, there are already policies.On June 16, 2023, the Executive Meeting of the State Council of the Chinese State Council was reviewed and approved, and the regulations on the supervision and management of the private equity fund supervision and management of the official implementation of the officially implemented on September 1 clearly stated that "the state provides policy support to the entrepreneurial investment fund, encourages and guides its investment growth, and its investment growth, and its investment growth, and investment growth, and investment growth, and investment growth.Innovative entrepreneurial enterprises encourage long -term capital investment in Entrepreneurship Investment Fund. "

With a good policy and environment, both unicorn and general enterprises will go further and make big cakes, so it is more conducive to the distribution and sharing of the whole society.

(the author is Beijing scholar)