I believe everyone knows the history of the founding of Singapore. On August 9, 1965, Singapore was suddenly driven by the Malaysian federal government and was forced to become an independent country.At that time, Li Guangyao couldn't help but tears.He knows that Singapore, which has not achieved "Freedom of Freshwater", will face the dilemma of "being stunned".

So worried is because Lee Kuan Yew witnessed the scene of Singapore's "abandonment".During World War II, tens of thousands of British army stationed in Singapore.However, when the Japanese troops threatened to cut off the water supply from Malaysia to Singapore, tens of thousands of British troops defeated themselves.After weighing the advantages and disadvantages of the British, the British army chose to surrender and entered the Japanese prisoner of war.The Japanese were cunning and knew that controlling the water supply pipeline, that is, curbing the "throat" of Singapore; the British army had no sense of resistance, and the resistance became meaningless.

Therefore, Li Guangyao knows that there is no protection of water supply, and Singapore will survive independently from Malaysia and survive independently.Xinma signed two long -term water supply agreements in 1961 and 1962, but these two agreements expired in 2011 and 2061, respectively, and the premise of water supply guarantee was that Malaysia obeyed the agreement and kept the commitment.Otherwise, Singapore could not survive independently with the basic conditions and technical level at the time.

Destiny in the hands of others is always disturbing and lacking security.Because of this, from the first day of Li Guangyao's as Prime Minister, he was determined to let the island country realize the self -sufficiency of water resources.Although he was born in a lawyer and had no science background, he had a strong technology imagination.He believes that the potential of technology is unlimited. One day, a new technology will appear somewhere, making Singapore's water recycling and sustainable use of water resources.

In 1987, Lee Kuan Yew even boldly predicted that in the next 20 years, the technology of anti -pollution and filtering will make breakthroughs.People can rely on technology to turn the water around them into water needed for production, life, and ecology.As a result, Singapore can realize the self -sufficiency of freshwater resources, and no longer rely on Malaysia's nasal survival.

Membrane technology is Li Guangyao's "anti -pollution and filtration technology".Because of the fate, I went south of Xiamen, China to Singapore, China 31 years ago to engage in the development and application of membrane technology.How to solve the water source of Singapore has become my research topic and development direction.

At first, we took our eyes around the endless and inexhaustible seawater, and we looked forward to the application of membrane technology to reduce the seawater.

Theoretically, the film technology depends on the membrane technology that does not go through Phase Transition, and the energy consumption is low.However, in scientific research, I found that things are not as simple as imagining. After the seawater is deserved, it will be divided into two parts: freshwater and concentrated seawater: the recovery rate of freshwater is not high. If the freshwater recovery rate is to be increased, energy consumption will face challenges;The treatment of heavy salt water is also very troublesome. Directly into the sea will destroy the marine ecological environment, but there are many problems to be resolved to achieve comprehensive utilization.Therefore, under the conditions of the time, the membrane method was difficult to dilute.

Just when I was a hard -working strategy for this, one day I went to the bathroom late at night, and the toilet "wow" sounded, and suddenly the brain hole opened: "Can the raw water filter the raw water from seawater from sewage?"

Sea water delations are a process of pump pressure and osmotic pressure confrontation. The pump pressure must be higher than the penetration pressure to obtain fresh water.With the process of diluting the seawater, the osmotic pressure on the concentrated side of the seawater will become higher and higher.At this moment, if you continue to get fresh water, you must continue to increase the required pump pressure.This means that energy consumption will become bigger and bigger.Therefore, the use of membrane technology to fade the seawater not only to extract the proportion of freshwater, but also leave a lot of concentrated seawater that is difficult to deal with.

If you use the sewage of the toilet as the raw water, although it looks dirty, it is easy to separate the solid fluid, and the osmotic pressure of the solubility organic matter is far lower than that of the sea salt.In this way, energy consumption will be greatly reduced, and the recovery rate of water purification can be greatly increased.Therefore, the raw water filtered by the membrane method can be changed from sea water to domestic sewage, and the energy consumption and water recovery rate that plagues seawater can be solved.

The spiritual light when a toilet rushing to the toilet has made Singapore's sewage recycling and regeneration technology technology, and it also fits Li Guangyao's vision of "breakthroughs in anti -pollution and filtering technology" to achieve the vision of Singapore water for self -sufficiency.

Later, with the support of the Singaporean government, the company I worked in Yuluo built Singapore's first sewage recycling and re -use factories in Singapore.The Singapore government filter the water that can be consumed after the membrane method, named the new water.

Lee Kuan Yew's proud new water was born from this.Singapore senior media person Zhou Zhaosheng once wrote in the United Morning Post and disclosed that Lee Kuan Yew said: "I have been carrying the pressure of water for a long time, from the first day of the new water to the emergence of the water.Freshman water. "

On August 1, 2002, photos of then Prime Minister Wu Zuodong were announced after the Presidential Palace finished the tennis of drinking bottled new water, which proved that the new water is safe and reliable to meet the standards that can be consumed.

On August 9, 2002, at the National Day celebration of Singapore, more than 60,000 people stood up and twisted the bottle cap to drink fresh water together, announcing that Singapore had a new water source for Malaysian water supply.

Hu Jintao, then Chinese President Hu Jintao on November 13, 2009, and then UN Secretary -General Ban Ki -Wen on July 11, 2018, visited Singapore's freshman water plant, indicating that the new water has become the national brand of SingaporeEssence

The success of

The success of the new water is Li Guangyao's extraordinary vision, the Singaporean's sense of worry, and the perfect combination of the Singaporean government's excellent policy trinity.Li Guangyao once gave me a cordial encouragement and enthusiastic encouragement.In this situation, I still remember in my heart, and I feel the glory and pride of no.

Therefore, on the occasion of Mr. Li Guangyao's century, this article allows the public to understand the story of Li Guangyao and the new water.Seeing the whole leopard, it can be seen that the great people's foresight and profound insights.

The author is the president of the Singapore China Science and Technology Exchange Promotion Association

Excellent visit scientists in the Singapore Science and Technology Research Bureau