South African Foreign Minister Pan Duor recently criticized in an interview with the "Russia" TV station today: "The United Nations Security Council has disappointed the world, because it is unable to prevent global conflicts, it must have been reforming."
This is the truth, but it is an old problem.Many countries have an urgent voicing of the reform of the Security Council, especially the establishment of a permanent member country, especially after Russia launched a war that invaded Ukraine.The Security Council is limited to the UN Charter. It cannot restrict the "lack of injury and death" of permanent councils. It can do nothing. It can neither be condemned or sanctioned resolutions, nor can stop Russia's membership rights or divisions, causing more dissatisfaction.
Article 27 of the United Nations Charter gives the "Five Changs" resolutions to the "Five Changs" on non -programming matters of the Security Council, all have an equal one -vote veto, which is the largest privilege of Wu Chang.Article 109, paragraph 2, and Article 108 clearly stipulates that any changes and amendments to the formal charter must be taken into effect with all the permanent members of the Security Council in accordance with all permanent members of the Security Council to take effect.Since Wuchang has a veto right to any amendments or amendments to the Charter, how can it be possible to reduce or abandon the maximum privilege of the veto power, and abandon the fruit and return of World War II victory?
The old problem means that it has been 40 years of discussing and promoting the reform of the Security Council. It has been 30 years since the establishment of the Security Council's reform working group in 1993, and it is still difficult to implement.There are two reasons: First, any reform of the Security Council is to narrow or even cancel the current Wuchang's privilege, violate the five constant consistent interests, and delay and demolish the platform in the five constants; the other is that all countries and regional organizations have their own reforms.Thinking is difficult to reach consensus.
On the surface, Wuchang supports the reform of the Security Council, soothe the voices and dissatisfaction of most countries, but there are calculations based on their own national interests, and they also support different candidate countries.There is a difficult consensus between the five constants. If you barely promote the immature reform plan, the result is to be directly vetoed by at least one permanent member country; even if you do not directly veto, as long as you do not submit the national parliament for approval, you can put the amendment in indefinitely, which is equivalent to the program, which is equivalent to the program, which is equivalent to the program, which is equivalent to the program.Sexual or technical veto.
Some rising powers have long acted. Through economic, diplomatic, assistance, joint and other means to create an atmosphere or to attract people's hearts, or to exert pressure, try to become a new member of the Security Council.The most active of these is Japan. As early as the 1980s, he was eager to become a permanent member of the country. Other countries also had Germany, India, Brazil, South Africa, and Egypt.
The United States has expressed its support for Germany, Japan, and India to become a permanent member.According to the Washington Post, the Bayeng government is formulating the planning of the Reform Security Council, including adding about six permanent members of the state, but not granted the veto power (long -term position in the United States).
On July 6, the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs said: "Germany and Japan seeks the permanent members of the Security Council." If you decide to expand the permanent members of the Nations in Asia and Latin America, Russia chose India and Brazil.Decision in the African Union framework.Russia invaded Ukraine unprecedentedly in the world and was severely sanctioned by Western countries. Of course, it was unwilling to become a permanent member of the host country such as Germany and Japan.
China has publicly opposed Japan as a permanent member of the country, implying that considering one vote veto and clearly supports Germany; it has been called on the increase of representatives of developing countries, implying that if the permanent council must be added, the seats of the developing countries should be no less than less than less than less than lessdeveloped country.
French and English positions are generally synchronized with the United States, and they have also advocated that Germany, Japan, India, Brazil, and at least one African country have obtained a permanent member of the country.But whether it really supports Germany and enhances Germany's right to speak in the European Union and international, and cuts its influence accordingly, it is necessary to make a big question mark.
Many countries have different claims, and they oppose specific candidates to become permanent members.For example, Italy opposes Germany, Argentina opposes Brazil, South Korea opposes Japan, Pakistan opposes India, and the African alliance has no consensus who is a permanent member of the country.
A state proposed that the United States responded that it was difficult to operate because Russia launched a war invading Ukraine and abolished its permanent council seats.I have three points of analysis:
One of them, the UN Charter stipulates that it has become a member state, stop membership rights and privileges, and dividends. It is first recommended or proposed by the Security Council, and then the UN General Assembly is resolved.In other words, the permanent members have a vote veto to any country to join the United Nations, member states, and member states.How could Russia vote for the Security Council to discontinue their rights or removing their rights to the UN General Assembly?
Second, the United States is no longer in the United States in 1945. Today's President of the United States is not Roosevelt in 1945. It lacks enough prestige and strength to lead other countries to revise a more fair and just chapter.Once the overlord has a hard bow, not only will it not be impossible to reform, it will not be able to abolish Russia's permanent members of the country, but it will also deepen contradictions and camp confrontation, which is likely to lead to the division of the United Nations.
Third, the United States cannot do it because it can't be done; I don't want to do it, because I don't want to open a precedent to restrain myself.Therefore, the US Security Council reform plan, any newly added member of the Security Council does not have veto power. This reform idea is the "old man and new method of the elderly" that Chinese people are familiar with.The country will not be satisfied, but it is the most operable.
The reform of the Security Council moves the whole body. In essence, it is a great correction of international order after World War II. It is re -assigned to world power. It has greatly adjusted the interests of various countries and regional organizations. It is very complicated and sensitive. It is impossible to achieve overnight.The following three situations are expected to accelerate the reform: First, the third world war broke out, and after the end, it will inevitably subvert the existing international political order and rules of governance to change the power pattern; second, more and more comprehensive national strength of the Security Council, beyondThe existing five constants change the strength pattern; countries outside the three or five constants have developed new weapons more powerful than nuclear weapons to change the pressure pattern.
The author is Chinese current affairs commentator
