Mark Andmiddot; Sandmiddot; Waa
After NATO and Helsinki Summit, many liberals could not stand condemn the personal behavior of US President Trump.He hugged Putin and left his own intelligence agencies and traditional American allies, which seemed to show that he did not understand the situation.Or he was played.Or he has a mental problem.Or he is the person shaped by Russia Andmdash; Andmdash; an Andrdquo;
Any or all these judgments may be correct.But for Trump's behavior, there is another deeper and even more disturbing explanation: this originated from his thoughts, especially his hidden philosophical commitment to world order.It will be much more difficult to curb these commitments.
Of course, Trump is not a philosopher.However, because he is proficient in popular narratives and knows his supporters' emotional response to him, he does instinctively convey some concepts.In each rally, he will be encouraged by the masses and constantly adjusts his ideas to meet the emotional needs of their self -perception, and in turn, he is politically politically through social media.
If anyone seems to be the most drawn by Trump, it is the German legal philosopher Carl Andmiddot; Carl Schmitt.Schmidt can help us understand Trump's behavior, especially being widely condemned, and about his ambiguous moral evaluation of Russia.
Although Schmidt was notorious because he joined the Nazi Party in 1933, it was a mistake because of this reason.Among today's scholars, whether it is left or right, Schmidt is known for its sharp criticism of modern liberalism.
The contempt for liberal universal ideals is the core of Schmidt's critical.Liberals do put their rights at the core of their political community, and believe that in principle, these rights should be extended to everyone.As the saying goes, the United States is a concept (compilation: The United States is popular in the United States, that is, the United States is not only a country, but also a concept of freedom and equality. Its carrier is the American public democratic system).
For Schmidt, this view has led to disaster whether it is domestic or abroad.In the country, because of the liberals' Andrdquo; concept is non-exclusivity, it becomes blurred. If Andrdquo; who can include anyone, then who is us?
Schmidt believes that this method of thinking has caused free countries to be abducted by internal private interest groups and external foreign forces, and Trump uses this statement as its core discussion.
Schmidt's criticism of liberal foreign policy is based on the same analysis.Perseverance of non -discharge and right - - - -he - -based creeds prompt liberals to intervene in affairs in other countries, because the policies of these countries do not conform to the values of liberalism.In addition, when liberals involve international military conflicts, their worldview will cause a comprehensive and lasting war.
This is because the persistence of abstract norms prompts them not only to treat the opponents as competitors, but also as Andrdquo; "absolute enemy Andrdquo; and Andrdquo," real enemy Andrdquo;It was destroyed or transformed within a certain period of time. For example, through the "national construction of Andrdquo; method of building Andrdquo; method of the national construction.
Schmidt proposed the theory of political identity based on the principle of land to replace the normative and universal nature.In the career before the beginning of the political career, Trump was convinced of this principle.
For Schmidt, when a group of people recognize that they have some unique cultural characteristics and believe that it is worth defending it with life, the political community has formed.In the final analysis, the cultural foundation of sovereignty is derived from the unique geographical location of a nation. For example, the nation of inland countries is introverted, and the nation of coastal countries is exported.
What is involved here is the opposite position about the relationship between state identity and law.According to Schmidt's theory, the Community's "Nomos Andrdquo; Nomos, that is, the self -consciousness from the geographical environment) is the prerequisite for its legal philosophy.Definition first depends on its legal commitments.
Trump's presidential term shows the policy impact of Schmidt's view in domestic and foreign affairs.
The most obvious is that Trump's popularization of his supporters' enthusiasm for building walls in southern United States reflects Schmid's criticism of liberalism.Trump's consultant such as Stephen Miller, such as Stephen Miller, cleverly described the wall building as a policy -driven policy of "love Andrdquo; drive./p>
As a result, in Brussels and Helsinki, Trump's Schmidt -style politics is obviously manifested in his behavior of traditional American allies and enemies.Schmidto advocates the global order of the popularity of Monroe Doctrine: the scope of unbalanced infringement of the power of the great country, that is, the "big space andrdquo; (Grossraum), thereby realizing mutual respect. Trump advocates the establishment, Is a standardized, non -intervention, and bargain international order.
Based on this anti -liberal view, there is no reason to think that Russia is an absolute enemy, and has sufficient reasons to destroy international institutions and get rid of traditional American allies.For anti -liberal people, today, the true enemies of peace are nation -states and systems that try to impose external restrictions on sovereignty and build political communities in a form of norms rather than territorial and culture.
On the contrary, peace friends must be a strong enough country, which can establish political hegemony in the border and maintain a global order led by an important sovereign state.
When Trump stands side by side with Putin and supports the latter rather than an American intelligence agency, his behavior is the inevitable result of Schmidt thought.These ideas will continue to be with us for a long time after Trump stepped down for a long time.
Author Mark S. Weiner is about to serve as Fabreter Andmdash; Upsra University's 2018 Andmdash; a special lecture professor at the United States Research in 2019.He is a member of the Consultant Committee of the Nice Cenin Center.
English Title: Trumpism and the Philosophy of World Order
Copyright: Project Syndicate, 2018.
For anti -liberal people, today, the true enemies of peace are nation -states and systems that try to impose external restrictions on sovereignty and build political communities in a form of norms rather than territorial and culture.
