Deng Xize

After the vaccine incident of Jilin Changsheng Biological Company came out, it can be said that China is up and down, officials, domestic and foreign, and the crusade is boiling and destroyed.

In this crusade, there is a lot of voices that condemn the longevity biological company without moral bottom line.There is no problem, but not the key.

In fact, in addition to the specialist involved in the target of the face, the essence and logic of the vaccine incident is not much different from other vicious events.For those who do not have a moral bottom line, childish infants and young children are the same as other damaged objects.

Marx deeply pointed out in the "capital theory": And "Once there is an appropriate profit, capital will boldly. If there is 10%of profits, it is guaranteed to be used everywhere; 20%of profits are active; it will be active;Under the premise of institutional failure, as long as huge profits exist, more and more people do not have moral bottom lines, and moral condemnation has a little role in such people.

This is not the only way. If the vaccine incident is blamed on morality, it is an cover of Changsheng Biological Company, because it may fade the law of the company.Moral issues can only be solved by moral means, and the reason why morality is used is that the condemnation is still a little conscience.However, don't forget that people who have no moral bottom line without drooling.

Starting from the validity of the three links of the system design and execution, we can better understand why evil companies such as Changsheng creatures can save themselves and even expand.Moreover, the discussion here is general and suitable for various malignant events.

In terms of system design, both key factors or conditions must be considered whether it is curbing corruption or curbing other malignant behaviors: punitive strength and exposure probability.First, the punishment intensity must be sufficient to expose the vicious behavior including illegal crimes, and the wicked person is seriously incapable.Second, the exposure probability of malignant behavior must reach a certain degree.No matter how good the system is designed, if it is not executed, it is like a false, so the third condition must be added: strict implementation.These three conditions are actually the basic structure of anti -evil.

The first reason why Changsheng Company can survive and expand repeatedly is that the punishment intensity is insufficient.For such companies, the industry forbidden is the minimum punishment.However, in 2017, the 250,000 unqualified and unqualified and unqualified Andrdquo; almost all sold to Shandong in Shandong, "Adsorism -free cells without cells, and only 186 were sold, but the company was fined only 34.429 million yuan.(RMB, the same below, S $ 670,000). More than 3 million fines. For such a serious incident, isn't it itchy for such a large company? Isn't it encouraging crimes? Andmdash; Andmdash;/p>

The Chinese are particularly hoped to use severe punishment for corruption and various malignant behaviors.Once related events broke out on the Internet, and "kill and kill andrdquo; sound. In fact, even if the evil person should kill, it will only increase the punishment intensity. But if the evil deeds are not exposed, who kills?The probability of exposure is extremely important. It is a prerequisite for effective punishment.

Punishment intensity can be artificially regulated, but exposure probability cannot be artificially regulated.Therefore, how to increase the probability of evil deeds requires a delicate institutional design.Andrdquo; The fundamental purpose of the property publicity system is to increase the probability of corruption exposure. The author has designed a solution to increase the probability of illegal criminal exposure andmdash; Andmdash; the interests of the benefit to break the offensive and defensive alliance with the benefit. The probability of exposure is too low, which is the second reason for the vaccine incident.Although the incident was eventually exposed on a large scale, the lurking time was too long, resulting in an intensified harm.If it is exposed earlier, the harm will be much smaller.

The third reason is that in the execution, the width of Changsheng Company also encourages its evil.

It can be said that the defects of any link in the above three links will encourage evil.In this regard, we can do more rational analysis.Let the three links are x, y, z, and the effective amount of the effectiveness of each link is 1, and the total effect is F.F = xyz.

Based on this, we can make a comparison.Suppose there are two social environment A and B.A's system design and execution are relatively standardized, and B is not standardized.If the punishment intensity of the A environment is sufficient, that is, the value of X is 1; the probability of exposure is relatively large, and the Y value is 0.9 (the probability of exposure is difficult to reach 1);Effective curb efficiency is 0.9, that is, 90%.It is assumed that although the B environment is punished for evil, the intensity is not enough, X is 0.5; the exposure system is not well designed, and Y is also 0.5; it is executed but not strict, and it is 0.5.Then, the effective curb efficiency of the B environment on the evil line is 0.125, which is 12.5%.

It can be seen that each link is important to curb vicious behavior, and the scientificity of institutional design is particularly important.There are some small problems in any link, and it is a big problem to accumulate.

The vaccine incident of Changsheng Biological Corporation cannot be filled with indignation of everyone with a little conscience.However, insufficient rationality is a greater problem in Chinese society compared to lack of morality.The improvement of the system rationally and scientifically is a necessary condition for promoting social progress.Therefore, every official, scholars, and ordinary citizens with basic conscience should not only have moral care, but also have institutional care, call for and promote the improvement of the system, and strengthen the implementation of the system. Officials and scholars are particularly responsible.

The author is a professor in the School of International Relations, China Sichuan University.