Recently, many places in China have begun to rectify cultivated land planting trees.For farmers who planted trees in cultivated land, the government asked them to cut off the trees as soon as possible and restore farmers.This is the so -called "retreat to forests to return to farming".The reason why farmers grow trees in cultivated land are related to the following factors.
First of all, after the reform and opening up, as the urbanization and industrialization of China continued to deepen, more and more farmers get employment opportunities in cities.Under the urban and rural dual system, the income and social treatment of these migrant workers are far less than urban employees.However, compared with the cultivation of the rural facing the back of the loess, and the traditional lifestyle, the work in the city is obviously a rich and decent job.The money that migrant workers remitted from the city have greatly improved the life of farmers living in rural areas for generations.This also virtually drives more farmers, abandon farmers and choose to go out to work.
As the young adults worked all the time, only the old, weak and disabled, and many land were cultivated.This trend reached its peak around 2010, and about 300 million farmers nationwide worked outside.Although it does not account for half of all rural population, most of the young people with labor ability are almost all in the city.There are almost no young people except for a few elderly people, and even their children follow their parents to go to school.Coupled with the development of the economy, many farmers move their homes from the mountains to the mountains and move from the countryside to the town, which directly causes the phenomenon of rural hollow.In this context, many farmers choose to put fat arable land and plant the economy forests that do not need to cultivate too much energy.
Secondly, some farmers returned to the countryside in response to the call of "returning to entrepreneurship" and planted their cultivated land.These new farmers have increased their benefits by planting fruit trees.So, I saw that many people made money to make money, and those who followed the trend began to destroy the cultivated land and grow fruit trees.For example, in recent years, the "Sunshine Rose" grapes, which are very hot in the past few years, many farmers have made a lot of money because of sunshine rose grapes, so more farmers follow up.
But with the continuous international economic and trade frictions in recent years, food has become an important object of the trade war game.The outbreak and the Russian and Ukraine War in 2020 have intensified the global grain supply chain and shadow the international grain trade.It is in this context that the importance of food safety, as an important issue, once again placed on the agenda of Chinese decision makers.
Under the cognition of grain as the outline, strictly controlling the cultivation of cultivated land into other agricultural land has also become the meaning in the topic.In traditional concepts, Gain is the production of land in the production of grain, and the cultivated land naturally has become the lifeblood of food production. Decision makers come to "want to ensure the safety of Chinese food, you must adhere to the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land".understand.Under the guidance of this concept, it is easy for people to draw a conclusion: the decrease in land means that the output of grain will inevitably decrease.If farmers have planted these arable land to remove crops other than food, although farmers have indeed increased their income, China's rations are dangerous.It is also under the guidance of this concept that in recent years, Henan, Inner Mongolia, Shandong and other places have been actively promoting the policy of "retreating forests and returning farming".
But for this view, I have different views. As I am published in January 2013, I am in the next round of economic crisis 2: Why is China exempt from the difficult book: "We also acknowledge that the land is for foodThe safety significance of each inch of land means that our food is compressed by space. But this vision is obviously static. Here we must figure out a problem here: not the land is producing food in the production of food.Instead, the market is supplying food. If the market signal tells him that the production of food is beneficial, then they will creatively make a lot of technologies and methods to supply the food we need for our market.The great innovation of Yuan Longping (editor: Chinese hybrid rice breeding experts) can offset the reduction of the land in itself. The land itself is reciprocked, such as on a 20 -hectare land, we cover a 12 -layer height of 12 floorsThe building, and these 12 floors, we put aside the area of the pile structure, then we can still get at least 11 floors on the planting area, which means that on the 20 hectares'Can there be more than 200 hectares. "
In fact, in China, some people have practiced my theory in the relevant field.On August 1, 2022, the Southern Daily's sub -reported on the Southern Weekend reported a news about high -rise pigs.It is reported: "Hubei Ezhou, a 26 -storey building is undergoing the final device debugging. In another month, it will live in hundreds of thousands of living pigs here, becoming the largest building pig farm in China.Refresh the world's most. "
The first Chinese enterprise with large -scale construction buildings is Yangxiang shares in Guangxi.The company has sprinted China's motherboard for the first time to sell its stock (IPO) for the first time. The prospectus disclosed that in 2017, it built a high -rise building pig farm and was put into use in 2018.Reuters called it "Pig Hotel" after visiting, which was the "highest pig farm in the world" at that time.
The person in charge of the company mentioned in an interview with the media that before Yangxiang's shares, like other pig companies, the pig farm adopted a flat layer structure. The pig farm of 10,000 heads generally covers an area of about 200 acres.If you want to build a large pig farm that accommodate 30,000 pigs, nearly a thousand acres of land.However, because there are many places in Guangxi, it is not easy to find such a place.In order to solve the problem of lack of land, they had to build a building upstream and land for the sky.As a result, Yangxiang shares built four building pig farms in the Asian Mountains of Guigang, Guangxi, with two floors and 11 floors, which can accommodate 30,000 sows.A building covers only a dozen acres.
Yes, my theory and the practice of pigs in Chinese corporate buildings have confirmed that land itself is not a problem. The key is whether related practitioners can see the market signal from it and whether the price mechanism can play a role.When the market signal tells people that if they are favorable for grain, they will creatively go to high altitude (of course, can also be available to rivers, lakes and even the ocean) like Guangxi Yangxiang to provide the food we need for the market.This also confirmed again that it was not land production agricultural products, but the market was supplying agricultural products.
The author is a Chinese economist and a financial columnist
