Goldman Sachs Economic Research Recently published a huge impact report on economic growth, although it is pointed out that if the generated artificial intelligence (AI) is fully promoted to the workplace, it can bring 7 trillion US dollars in the world in the next 10 years (about 90,000 USD (about 90,000300 billion yuan) economic revenue, but forecast will replace 300 million full -time work.In social media, we are discussed in the labor market in Hong Kong and Singapore, and two or 30 % of work will be automated.

However, the degree of AI on the increase in production efficiency and employment rate may be deviated in different society.This depends entirely on the application of its technology in different societies and the timetable for being fully adopted. This is the application difference that the report has not been considered.It is probably a gradual process to stay in different society to respond.

Jared Diamond, the author of guns, germs, and steel, summarizes the attitude of different societies in history to scientific and technological innovation in history, depending on 14 factors such as labor costs, industrial technology training, and adventure consciousness.Different society has different degrees of acceptance of scientific and technological innovation, and it changes over time. It can also borrow technology because of trade, immigration, and war.The application of gunpowder is a good example of the difference in technology application.The gunpowder once played different roles in different society. The Tang Dynasty invented the gunpowder and inspired the early artillery used in the Song Dynasty.On the contrary, after Mongolians' West Expedition and Arab transactions, the Europeans learned military gunpowder and improved into weapons to conquer the world in the future.

Although the Goldman Sachs Analysis Report pointed out that AI has huge economic potential and will create employment positions. It is also estimated that automation may lead to large -scale layoffs, but it will be offset by new positions.Five new positions are driven by technology.But on the other side, the rise of robots published in 2015: The threat of technology and the future of the unemployment, the author Martin Ford believes that the automation wave is very different from the past.Automation may bring large -scale unemployment, coupled with the "perfect storm" of climate environment changes.

Due to the different degree of application of AI technology in individual society, it is difficult to evaluate the impact of economy and employment for the time being.The only affirmation is that the workplace will change greatly. Matsuo, who was the director of the Moral Committee of the Japanese Artificial Intelligence Society, also estimated that the AI will only be supported by simplified places at this stage.Support white -collar workers.Matsuo also pointed out that "if the ability to obtain characteristic expression, the ability to understand the concept of language with the robot and other technologies, it is indeed possible to form a technology that is sufficient to replace all white -collar class work ?? It can be greatly impact."

The industrialization, urbanization, globalization, and automation brought by modern times in modern times, repeatedly reversed the employment market of the world, and slowly absorbed excess labor by new industries.Unparalleled nomad released due to circle movement.Marx published the first volume of capital theory in 1867 to criticize capitalism and industrial production, saying that at that time, the mechanism such as the rotation system, timing wages, and division of labor cooperation were new requirements for improving work intensity and production efficiency.New method.In the following hundreds of years, the proportion of farmers around the world has fallen into the city. In factories and workplaces, the most famous of which is the so -called migrant workers accumulated in China's accumulation since reform and opening up and currently have nearly 300 million people.

In short, from manpower to machinery to artificial intelligence, the changes in work to a watershed stage.Apply the lyrics of the lyrics of Huang Zhan and the Cantonese pop -ups: "Do you know whether the world is changing, and the change is eternity." We should "welcome that change" employment form and opportunity!

The author is a doctoral student at the Department of Sociology, Nanyang University of Technology