Chen Weijing: The citizens of Shangqiu almost lost the bus

Source: China News Weekly

Author: Chen Weijing

"The impact of the impact of the epidemic, the adjustment of the national new energy subsidy policy, and the inadequate fiscal subsidy are impact, which has caused the current loss of losses in our company, and it is extremely difficult to operate ..."

On the morning of February 23, the announcement issued by Shangqiu Public Transport Co., Ltd. on the official WeChat public account "Shangqiu Public Transport" caused heated debate.At the end of the announcement, "In view of the actual difficulties of our company, after the company's research decision, it is intended to suspend the operator's bus line on March 1, 2023."

"About April last year, we can often only send more than 1,000 yuan of living security for drivers every month, and now the guarantee cannot be issued." A staff member of the above public transport company told China News Weekly.Still "uncertain", leadership is "discussing".

But only four hours later, Shangqiu Bus issued a second announcement, "It will overcome difficulties and ensure that the buses do not stop."At present, the municipal government working group has settled in.

In fact, in recent years, some lines of bus companies have been suspended or suspended in China in many years, and the announcement is almost a template, "serious losses", "fund break" ... A transportation of transportationExperts told China News Weekly that the dilemma of bus operations is a long -term phenomenon, six or seven years ago.

Obviously, as a product with public attributes, the bus company cannot determine its own decision to "stop".

But now, how can the "buses" break the situation?

Once a "bus priority" demonstration city

As soon as the citizens of Shangqiu woke up, the bus almost "gone".

At 8 am on the 23rd, Shangqiu Public Transport Co., Ltd. launched the above announcement almost without warning.It is also mentioned that the company's losses are very serious, and it is extremely difficult to operate. Employees' wages, social security funds are arrears, unable to pay, vehicle charging charges, vehicle insurance and other funds have no funds to purchase public welfare undertakings and civil engineering for people's travel.

Enterprise Checking Platform shows that Shangqiu Public Transport Co., Ltd. was established in 2006 with a registered capital of RMB 5 million (S $ 970,000). The legal representative is Huang Yubo.The company has 12 shareholders and Huang Yubo holds 67.60%.The union committee of Shangqiu Public Transport Co., Ltd. held 15.00%, and the original shares proportion of the original shares before October 2020 were 29.00%.

China News Weekly noticed that in 2018, Shangqiu City was identified as the second batch of "bus priority" demonstration cities in Henan Province.In March 2022, an article pushed by "Shangqiu Bus" wrote that Shangqiu City established the mayor as the head of the head, the executive deputy mayor and the deputy mayor as the deputy team leader., Public Security and other departments are mainly responsible for the creation of the creation of members of the members, and coordinate and coordinate the promotion of the "bus priority" demonstration city creation work.

In the New Year's congratulatory words in 2023, the bus company also mentioned, "'No winter is overwhelming, no spring will not come', we have said this sentence for three years, and this year is the most looking forward to it."

According to Shangqiu Daily, in January this year, after the operation of 12 urban buses was restored, the operation of 14 suburban lines was restored.

However, a month later, the wind direction turned sharply.The positive display surface hides the dilemma of operation.In recent years, the emergence of the epidemic and new energy subsidy policy looks like a combination of fists, which has severely created the operation of the bus company.

In order to accelerate the pace of new energy vehicle fuel buses, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the Ministry of Transport issued regulations that from 2015 to 2019, a new energy sources of an annual operating mileage of not less than 30,000 kilometers is not less than 30,000 kilometers.The bus received up to 80,000 yuan subsidy.Like the previous fuel subsidy policy, new energy subsidies are also the "life -saving straw" of many companies.

Data show that as early as 2018, Shangqiu Bus had 2016 pure electric buses, and most of the vehicles were purchased in installments.

"Even the electricity bills of charging buses are not paid, the driver's salary has not been paid for half a year, and the salary of the administrative staff cannot be paid." The above staff introduced that a local bus driver can get it normally.The salary is about 35,000 yuan, and it depends on factors such as the frequency of sending the car. "We don't know what the next step is."

According to the data of the enterprise checking platform, Shangqiu Public Transport Company involved a total of 124 judicial cases.A large number of labor disputes began in 2019. From 2019 to 2022, the company involved 54 cases, of which there were 22 labor dispute cases.

But less than two hours after issuing the "suspension" announcement, it was deleted.Subsequently, the public transport company's attitude was transferred in the second announcement, saying that it would overcome difficulties to ensure that the public transport was unmotivated and did not affect public travel. The previous announcement issued an adverse impact on the society and apologized.

Data show that the total area of Shangqiu City accounts for about 6.4%of the total area of Henan Province, and the area is 10704 square kilometers.As of the end of 2021, Shangqiu's household registration population was 10.12 million, and the resident population was 7.723 million.

In response to this, the People's Government of Shangqiu City also responded through Shangqiu's online information office public account "Internet Information Shangqiu": Public Transport Co., Ltd. is a private company restructured in 2006. It is responsible for operating Shangqiu City City Public Transport and Municipal Finance.Always subsidize as agreed.Affected by the epidemic, the company's operations do have encountered difficulties. The municipal government working group has settled in. It will investigate the situation in accordance with the law and further relieve difficulties to ensure the normal operation of public transportation in the urban area.

"Disased" storm

Bus companies that have operating dilemmas are not just Shangqiu.

In recent years, the "suspension" storm has occurred in many places, among which county buses have been the first.In July of last year, six lines appeared in Bo Luo Urban and Rural Bus in Guangdong.In August of the same year, eight bus companies in Liyang, Hunan, jointly stated that due to difficulty in operating, the driver's salary was not issued, and it was planned to suspend the Langyang Bus on August 25.In the middle of the month, Dancheng Bus Henan had almost suspended the driver's salary.

In November 2021, Henan Pingdingshan Public Transport Company was accused of arrears of employees' salary for 9 months.Local replies that due to the impact of the epidemic, Henan Pingdingshan's operating income of 9.65 million yuan in the first half of 2020, a decrease of 46.42 million yuan from the same period in 2019, a decrease of 85%.

The business crisis is still gradually expanding.In September last year, Lanzhou Public Transport Group attracted attention to solve the problem of employees' arrears.The "strange tricks" of the provincial capital campaign highlight the seriousness of the problem.

At that time, a person in charge of a Lanzhou Bus Group introduced to China News Weekly that by the end of August that year, the total liabilities of Lanzhou Public Transport Group had a total liabilities of 3.9 billion, and the wages and social security of employees were about 500 million.The salary of employees is about 90 million yuan a month, and the group has difficulty in financing and loan.

A Lanzhou bus driver told China News Weekly that his base salary was 1,800 yuan, which was almost the lowest salary in Lanzhou.In the past four months, he only got about 4,000 yuan in total, and he could only solve the cost of living through a few credit cards.

The adjustment of the epidemic prevention and control policy brings hope to some places, but some of them have "can't wait".

On February 10 this year, the Pucheng Government of Shaanxi, some citizens reported that the county buses were suspended, which brought inconvenience to travel.The money of money is now 10 yuan, which has increased to 5 times. The buses in Fuping County, neighboring counties are free. "

The Pucheng Transportation Bureau responded that due to the impact of the epidemic, busIn recent years, the company has lost money in recent years. The number of public transportation stations, passenger stations, and railway stations in the county area has decreased. The number of public transportation travelers has become increasingly decreasing. The operation of buses is not available. It is difficult to sustain.Since the beginning of this year, the bus company has applied for a route to resume operations. Due to the incomplete procedures, the vehicle cannot be resumed for the time being. For citizens' travel safety, it can be operated normally after the procedures are complete in the near future.

On February 12, Heilongjiang Mohe Bus Company also issued an announcement saying that it was decided to suspend operation on February 15th. "Now the vehicle loan is not available, the employee's salary cannot be paid.The company is unable to take on the issue of public welfare people's livelihood for people's travel. "

Facing the operating dilemma, some places choose to "stop loss" in time and suspend some lines.Since the beginning of this year, some buses have been suspended in many places such as Fuyang, Guangdong, and Panyu, Guangdong.

Data from the Ministry of Transportation show that at the end of 2021, 709,400 urban public vapor tram nationwide, an increase of 0.7%over the end of the previous year, of which 419,500 vehicles of pure electric vehicles, an increase of 10.8%, and 75,770 urban public auto -tram operation lines across the country., Increased by 5127 from the end of the previous year, with a total length of operating line 1.5938 million kilometers, an increase of 111,700 kilometers.

At the same time, in 2021, the number of passengers nationwide was 48.916 billion, a decrease of 20 billion people from 2019.

The relationship between the government and the bus company needs to be clarified

As an enterprise, the bus group has its own profit and loss.However, the positioning of urban and rural buses is public welfare projects, relying on policy subsidies, and cannot be fully market -oriented.

In terms of basic logic, the acceptance of the bus is determined by marginal benefits. Only passengers can make money.Gu Dasong, an associate professor of Law School of Southeast University and Executive Director of the Research Center of the Traffic and Law of Southeast University, seemed to have appeared as early as six or seven years ago., Electric bicycles, motorcycles, even shared electric vehicles in some cities have impacted buses and rental. "

"The option of transportation method is attributed to individuals. The government cannot force everyone to take the bus. Therefore, the amount of buses cannot be used, and the income of the fare will not be guaranteed, and the basic disk is unstable." Gu Dasong said.

There are less passenger traffic, and some places hope to increase the fare, but it is often difficult to wish.

Bi Shangqiu City as an example. In the urban area, most bus lines are one -vote.In 2018, the bus department of Shangqiu City reduced the fares of 25 bus lines within the urban area, raising from 2 yuan to 1 yuan.The above -mentioned staff of Shangqiu Public Transport Group introduced to China News Weekly that some line fares mentioned 2 yuan and were complained by many citizens, "because the price of this problem has not been mentioned."

China News Weekly noticed that according to local media reports, Shangqiu Public Transport Group has won advanced enterprises and advanced units of the Ministry of Construction, advanced professional ethics units, advanced units of commitment services, advanced units in the provincial bus industry, provincial transportationA number of honors such as labor awards, municipal civilized units, and municipal May Day Labor Awards.

In Lanzhou, the urban bus also implements 1 yuan all year round.In 2019, the city also wanted to raise the buses, but there was no following.According to the above -mentioned Lanzhou bus driver, the line he ran is connected to the family district, school, hospital, and vegetable market. Passengers are mainly elderly people and children.It's 4 cents ".According to his estimation, each passenger lost 1.5 yuan for each passenger.

Therefore, once the subsidy fails to be in place in time, the business deficit will soon appear.

"The basic public travel services undertaken by the bus company are actually paid by the government." In Gu Dasong, the public transport company that "lying in the government" is actually relatively insufficient.The motivation to increase the efficiency is also lacking.

Sometimes subsidies are not a small number.In 2020, Changsha's bus line operation subsidy amount was as high as 12.43 million yuan.In 2022, Anhui Provincial Urban and Rural Bus Integration Operating Fiscal Subsidy Fund Project will arrange 20 million yuan a year.

The annual cycle of Huizhou Boluo County has a fixed subsidy of the six bus companies and 22 bus lines in the area under its annual area.

In 2017, Guangzhou was operated by 12 urban public transport passenger transport enterprises and Guangzhou Express Bus Operation Management Co., Ltd.The expenditure was 4385 billion yuan. In that year, the average operating cost of the public transportation in the urban area of Guangzhou was about 3.3 yuan, and the actual average ticket was 1.29 yuan.

Gu Dasong pointed out that the current financial subsidy for bus companies is policy, and there is no legal compulsory."Because of the unstable legal relationship, sometimes the financial chain in the financial financial chain may not be able to form difficulties."

In fact, the "Chao Ling Xi Reform" of Shangqiu Bus is not the case.After the "suspension" announcement has affected, many bus companies will withdraw.After that, the storm will stop abruptly after coordination of government departments.

"This year, the administrative regulations of the State Council have been introduced to the city's public traffic regulations. We are very concerned about the legal relationship between the urban government and bus companies." He mentioned.