Horizontal World
The storms that disable Douyin and WeChat for the disables of the United States continue to ferment.Since last year, in terms of Sino-US relations or crown disease epidemics, some words and deeds in the United States have triggered a discussion of many internationally internationally on the rise of Anti-Intellectualism. There are also many criticisms in the United States.
In 1963, Richard Hofstadter, a professor at Columbia University, published anti -intellectualism in American life, and systematically analyzed the prevalence of McCarthyism in the 1950s.Major negative effects.
In the book, Hofstatt analyzed the pathological root of American anti -intellectualism very sharply, and believed that it was caused by factors such as election movement, religious influence, and commercial pragmatism.There is no doubt that as the only superpower in the world, the domestic political and social dynamics in the United States will directly affect the dynamics of international relations.If anti -intellectualism is prevalent in American political and social life, it will definitely have a significant impact on international relations.
In the case where the current world is highly uncertain and worried about the future of international relations, on the one hand, the international community, including China, it is necessary to worry and conscientiously think about how to alleviate the anti -intellectual anti -intellectual relations with international relations in the American society.Impact; on the other hand, it is also necessary to see from the longer history that the American society itself and the external dynamics of the international community also have the ability to overcome anti -intellectual error correction.The author believes that it is necessary to objectively understand the positive and opposite aspects of American politics and society. It is necessary for calm observation and judgment; anti -intellectualism in the United States is temporary, and it can overcome and return to normal with the efforts of inside and abroad.
First of all, in the process of US diplomatic development, knowledge construction and intellectual support have always played an important role.The United States may be a country in the world that rely on systematic academic training to cultivate a country with the most doctoral degree of knowledge elite diplomatic decision makers.The US President and the State Department have always borrowed from university and think tanks.Kissinger, Bujitzinski, Josephina and others have doctorate degrees and scholars, and have become representatives of diplomatic decision makers.The combination of political elites and intellectual elites actually implicitly implies a belief that US diplomacy cannot simply start from short -term results and pragmatism, but requires theoretical support and strategic vision.
From a historical point of view, American knowledge elites play a key role in international relations and provide the government with diplomatic vision planning.For example, the U.S. State Department's Policy Planning Department established in 1947 was the independent analysis of strategic global direction from the perspective of medium- and long -term perspectives.George Kennan, Richard Haass, the director of the Policy Planning Department, are all famous strategists; the institution of the policy planning department also later became a blueprint for many countries.If foreign decision -making and analysis of excessive bureaucratic dominance and pragmatism priority may bring short -term efficiency, but strategic vision and imagination will be damaged.
Second, a large number of immigrants in the United States have provided a strong intelligence foundation for their foreign decisions.One of the most important reasons why the United States has so many world -class universities is that it absorbs generations of ambitious immigrants.Their arrival not only brings first -hand information and knowledge of different regions and countries in the world, but also allows the thinking paradigm formed in the context of different cultures and historical knowledge. It collides with each other and re -constructs in this melting furnace in the United States.
The openness of the American knowledge market allows decisions to contribute to this foreign knowledge, and it can also basically adopt an open attitude.Therefore, we can see that in the 1970s, the first generation of the two European immigrants, Kissinger and Bujetzinsky, could successfully turn from university professors and gorgeous to the first -line foreign policy makers and executors.At the same time, the rotating door system between universities, think tanks, and officials in the United States provides unprecedented channels for the combination of knowledge and decision -making, and also provides the process formulation of knowledge creators to enter the policy formulation process.
Third, the United States anti -intellectualism does not appear for the first time. Its error correction ability, coupled with external structural pressure in the global era, will form a new diplomatic consensus.From a historical point of view, as early as the 1970s, American scholars had proposed the topic of the post -hegemony era, and theoretically discussed the issue of how to conduct international cooperation in the era of American hegemony.
From today's perspective, this actually means that as early as 40 years ago, the United States' discussion on multi -pole has begun.Therefore, at least from the perspective of knowledge, the abandonment of unilateralism in the United States is not completely unprepared at all.Former US Secretary of Defense Robert Gates recently wrote in diplomatic bipoles, and deeply reflected the US diplomacy after the Cold War.He was also a scholar. The doctoral dissertation submitted to the University of George Tunnical University was titled by the Soviet policy to China.
After the war, the United States did make a big mistake in many foreign decisions, but we also have to see that the great potential of intellectualism in American society; and this potential is also the source of the ability to reflect and self -correction in the United States.
At the same time, the global awakening of economic globalization to various countries means that the knowledge creation of international relations is becoming increasingly diversified, which is also an external binding force on American anti -intellectual tendencies.For example, after the Iraq war, the domestic anti -war trend in the United States and the international community's interaction of the US unilateralist anti -American trend of US unilateralism allowed the Bush administration to significantly adjust foreign policies in the second term.
When the world feels confused and uneasy when the anti -intellectual tendencies that appear in the United States, we should not be controlled by pessimistic disappointment.History tells us that the ultimate intellectual rationality will be the winner.
The author is an associate professor at the National Niigata University of Japan
