Words are the basis of reading and writing, and also an important key for reading and understanding.In the practice of Chinese teaching, word teaching is an indispensable part.The teaching of words is not deep enough, often affecting the effect of chapter understanding.
During the outbreak of the epidemic, due to the suspension of classes, the school used online teaching to supplement the missed schoolwork.Online teaching and classroom teaching are largely different in terms of teaching methods or preparations for teaching materials.Especially the cognitive teaching of words does have some difficulty and characteristics.
Cognitive process of language learning
Language learning is basically a cognitive process.From the toothing language of children to the use of spoken language to express their joy and sorrow, it is the enlightenment stage of children in the phonetic cognition.After entering the school, the child further consolidated the cognition of life words based on the inherent mother tongue voice.With the systematic and complexity of learning content, children's language expression ability will naturally reach higher levels.During this period, it can be said to be the development period of children's language learning.
It can be seen that the way of language learning must be gradually and gradual.With the development of physical and mental development, with the complexity of learning content and the improvement of cognitive ability, they gradually improve their language expression ability.Therefore, how to strengthen the learning effect of word cognition, especially Chinese students in Singapore, has a special family terms background, which is a difficult problem to overcome Chinese teaching.Performing words through online teaching is a new challenge for most teachers.
Cognitive focus of literacy teaching
From the perspective of voice and word composition, Chinese characters are part of the Chinese text writing system.Chinese characters are not symbols, but they are the basic phonetic units of Chinese voice.Chinese characters are also units of Chinese words, which are words of Chinese vocabulary.Different words can form different meanings of vocabulary in a forward or backward way.In the huge number of Chinese vocabulary, according to statistics, in addition to a small number of Chinese characters can be separated alone, most of the 60,000 to 70,000 Chinese entries are double or polyphonic words.
In the process of Chinese learning, the basic language characteristics of words and words determine that the cognition of the two has different learning points.If we summarize the learning of words into three categories: shape, sound, and righteousness, the words that cannot be separated alone, students are mainly concentrated in the two parts of the word sound and glyphs.Therefore, the cognitive goal of literacy teaching is to allow students to grasp the correct pronunciation of the characters, followed by the body architecture of familiarity.Pronunciation teaching can use Chinese pinyin.The body architecture is the first and side parts of the division.The side components are relatively complicated and the combination method has changed.It is a difficulty for writing Chinese characters to write Chinese characters to write Chinese characters.Therefore, literacy teaching is like practicing kung fu, and it cannot be achieved overnight. For students at the elementary school stage, it is the basic skill accumulated bit by bit.
Taking literacy teaching on the Internet has greater flexibility than classroom teaching, and the preparation of textbooks is more complete.When teaching a must -read -readable word, you can use oral Q & A to perform the choice of arranging and combination, so that students can try to combine parts into specific glyphs according to the picture materials.For example, finding the head/filling the side components/parts+side components/several strokes/selection of Chinese pinyin and tones can help the glyph.The close -up pictures on the Internet are actually teaching tools for alternative classboards.
Several levels of words cognition
In addition to the reading and the structure of words, the teaching involves wider semantic categories such as knowledge and concepts, and a more complete and delicate process requires a more complete and delicate process.Therefore, how to strengthen students 'words awareness is the key to improving students' ability to control Chinese writing and independent reading.
Basically, cognition is the thinking activity of the human brain. After the contact with the objective reality, information processing is processed through vision, hearing or sensory, and then through observation, identification, review, understanding, judgment and other processes, and finally established in their mindsAbstract or specific ideas and ideological consciousness.
Word cognition is thinking training for children to learn knowledge.Through the correct understanding and application of words, students can further determine the interconnection of knowledge and concepts.Therefore, in order to improve the level of words of students' words, we need to take care of many levels in teaching, such as: specific scenarios and occasions of words; the combination and habit of words; the precise meaning of words, including emotional colors and compliments.
The changes in the word constructive method, the dual syllables have AA, AB.Multi -syllables include ABC, ABB, and AAB.The phrases are divided into idioms and short sentences. The wording methods include ABCD type, AABB -style ABAB type, and sentence patterns with different lengths.
The semantics of synonyms are easily confused, and the usage is different.If the words have a special cultural background and historical connotation, it should be explained that the ins and outs of the dragon should be explained.
If the words are too abstract, it is difficult to explain the concepts and accurate meaning in Chinese, and it can flexibly apply translation to improve cognition.
Because the meaning of the word meaning is different and the diversity of word structure methods, whether it is classroom teaching or online teaching, teachers must selectively explain and analyze according to the semantic and structural characteristics of the word.After students understand the basic semantics of words, they will further determine and master the semantics and usage of words through different levels of homework exercises.
Set Digital Technology Center
The coronary virus was overwhelmed like a tsunami sweeping the world.In order to prevent the aggressive epidemic, countries around the world should deal with production and production.The rhythm of the activity at each level of society paused.The online online has become another way for all walks of life to continue to contact and assignment.
Former Education Minister Wang Yikang has announced that in the future, all institutions of my country will implement home study days to assist in classroom teaching and encourage independent learning.He also announced that the Ministry of Education will be planned for 7 years in advance to implement the plan provided by all middle school students next year.Therefore, home learning will become the established learning model of junior, middle and elementary school students in my country.
For many Chinese teachers, this sudden change may be more tricky than teachers in other subjects.The main reason is that many teachers are not familiar with the operation of digital networks. In a hurry to ask them to change classroom teaching to online teaching, it will naturally be a bit caught.In a word: How to teach to teach online teaching well, everyone has to hurt.
At present, there are two platforms: Zoom and Google Meet.As far as I know, the most headache for teachers is that students cannot concentrate on listening to class on the Internet, and some students even slip away halfway.In addition, because there are too many people, the teacher cannot take individual care.According to newspapers, Xin Telecom will launch a 5G network platform next year, hoping to improve and help long -range teaching at that time.
In the 1980s, the Ministry of Education had set up an Audiovisual Teaching Department to be responsible for audiovisual teaching matters.At present, online teaching is obviously a new challenge for teaching for teachers.The Ministry of Education may wish to consider setting up the digital technology center to assist teachers and supervise many online teaching issues at multiple levels, such as making online Chinese textbooks for various grades of primary and secondary schools to facilitate teachers for online teaching; students can also learn from the Internet to assist in improvementThe effectiveness of online teaching, especially teachers and students interaction, individual guidance, group order and other issues; assist teachers to effectively conduct online teaching of textbook textbooks; formulate various online teaching evaluation methods; assist in solving various operation technologies of online teachingquestion.
After the disease, many scholars and experts said in unison that the world will not be able to reply to the appearance of the past.Digital technology will be the darling of the future world leadership.At this critical point, we have planned ahead and courage to reform to adapt to the trend of global trends. Maybe it is our reappearance of Dongshan and climbing to another peak.
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