Li Gen
According to a report from the Vietnamese young people on June 4, at a meeting on the division plan from 2021 to 2030, Vietnam Vice Premier Zheng Tingyong submitted two division plans to the government.Economic regional division has made significant adjustments.
The division of economic areas has been in Vietnam for a long time. Previously, public opinion believes that Vietnam lacks systematic regional planning, and regional Unicom is not efficient, it is difficult to adapt to the new development situation, and it is necessary to make adjustments.The meeting was another adjustment made by the Vietnamese government to the division of the economic region. It was a bit puzzled why the outside world re -divided the economic regional division of Vietnam.
Division plan
At this meeting, Zheng Tingyong proposed two plans.According to Plan No. 1, Vietnam will be divided into seven economic areas of the Northeast Economic Zone, Northwest Economic Zone, Honghe Delta Economic Zone, Central and Northern Coastal Economic Zone, Central South Coastal Economic Zone, Southeast Economic Zone and Mekong Delta Economic Zone.
According to the No. 2 plan, Vietnam will re -divide into the northern highland economic zone, the northern Delta and the northern midstream economic zone, the central and northern coastal economic zone, the central and southern coastal economic zone, the central highland economic zone, the Southeast Economic Zone, and the Mekong River Delta Economic Zone Communist PartySeven areas.After re -division, the former Honghe Delta Economic Zone will expand to the four provinces of Peace, Fushou, Taiyuan, and Beijiang to form the northern Delta and the centralized economic zone in the north.The former central Vietnam will be divided into three parts: the central and northern coastal economic zones, the central and southern coastal economic zones, and the central highland economic zone.
Most of the participating experts believe that the No. 2 plan is inherited from the original partition plan in Vietnam, which is more feasible, but some experts still have different opinions.For example, Chen Zhongheng, the president of the original Hanoi University of Architecture, believes that when partitioning, the Feng Shui factors should be fully considered and the basin is used as an important standard for dividing.Ruan Guangtai, Secretary -General of the Vietnamese Economic Science Association, believes that the Economic Zone of the Southeast should include Longan and Tianjiang provinces, and Ho Chi Minh City as a regional connection center.
The author believes that compared with the status quo of Vietnam's economic region, the highlight of the No. 2 plan is that it has a more scientific and reasonable division of central Vietnam.Based on the geographical characteristics of Vietnam, central Vietnam mainly has different terrain and geographical features such as plains, highlands, hills, and islands.Among them, the central and northern coastal economic zone borders Laos, and the terrain is relatively complicated.; The topographic of the coastal economic zones in the central and southern parts is more complicated, not only the coastal plains, mountains, but also the terrain and landforms such as islands, hills, rivers, and oceans.
Different geographical characteristics have made the economic development status of the above -mentioned economic zones different. Among them, the economic development of the economic zone in the central highland faces major difficulties.Although the economic zone has generous natural resources, it lacks skilled labor and good infrastructure.The central and northern coastal economic zones are mainly mining and construction, which is not suitable for agricultural planting activities.
Although the terrain of the coastal economic zone in central and southern Vietnam is complex, it is located on the roads, railways and aviation routes of important economic Delta in Ho Chi Minh and Southeast.Geographical location, so the shipping industry, tourism, and fishery are important industries in the economic zone.From the perspective of economic development, the division of plans 2 is obviously more reasonable.
At present, there are many reasons for the regional region of the Vietnamese government. There are three main types of summary: factional theory, climate, and economic theory.
Faction theory
The views of faction are quite popular in Vietnam. The supporters of this view believe that the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is imminent, and the degree of struggle between the north and south factions in the North and South factions has increased dramatically.This re -dividing area is just the specific performance of the North -South faction struggle in national policies.
The author believes that there is no scientific basis for this view.Traditionally, Vietnam is divided into political factions based on regional standards. The northern faction is relatively conservative and relatively friendly to China.However, in recent years, Vietnam has undergoing different regions to divide standards. It is gradually diluing within the Vietnam Communist Party.For example, Ding Luosheng, a member of the Political Bureau of the 12th Central Committee of the Vietnam, was born in the north, but he was very tough for China and had a close relationship with Ruan Jinyong, who was considered an important person in Southern School.
Therefore, the author believes that although there is a factional dispute in the internal internal internal and Communist Party, it is simply a one -sidedly linked to the dispute between the North -South faction.In addition, the struggle between the division of economic regions in Vietnam has not been proposed in the near future. This division is only the specific implementation of the planning method.
The climate said that was considered by some media to be the main reason why Vietnam regained the region.Supporters of this view believe that climate change has caused a huge negative impact on Vietnam, especially the Mekong Delta region, and re -divide the economic region. It is a solution for Vietnam to deal with climate change.
The author believes that this view is not unreasonable, but it is not the main reason for Vietnam to regain regions.According to the 2019 climate risk index report written by the International Non -profit Organization German Observation (Germanwatch), Vietnam has long been listed as one of the 10 countries with the worst climate change.Climate change has caused extremely adverse effects on Vietnam's Honghe Delta, Mekong Delta, and coastal areas.According to statistics, from 2010 to 2018, the losses caused by natural disasters and climate change alone in the Mekong River Delta alone reached more than 90 million US dollars.
Faced with climate disaster, the Vietnamese government expects that the negative impact is minimized by accelerating the process of regional integration.The Vietnamese government has pointed out in government documents that it is necessary to make overall integration of the economic and society of the entire region and strengthen the connection between localities.Through the re -division of this area, the Vietnamese government will establish mechanisms such as information management systems and climate change databases to strengthen coordination and coordinated development between regions to cope with the adverse effects of climate disaster.
However, the adverse effects of climate disasters on the economic and social development of Vietnam are long -term and persistent, and it is difficult to solve it by re -dividing by the region.Conversely, although climate disasters have promoted the regional division of the region to a certain extent, it cannot be considered as the main reason.
The author believes that accelerating regional integration and creating conditions for economic development are the main reasons for Vietnam to re -divide regions.From the perspective of the specific division, the four provinces of Peace, Fushou, Taiyuan, and Beijiang are different from other provinces in the northern mountainous areas. It is closer to the Vietnamese capital Hanoi in geographical location, and has a strong two -way connection with the Red River Delta region.Expanding the four provinces of Peace, Fushou, Taiyuan, and Beijiang to the northern Delta and the central reaches of the north are based on the realistic needs of economic development and will help the Honghe Delta region to enhance regional resources integration and coordinated development capabilities.
The situation in central Vietnam is special, and in history, in the history of central and southern Vietnam, it has long been ruled by the Zhan Po Guo, which has long been deeply influenced by Indian culture; the north is deeply influenced by Han culture.Therefore, the central region as a buffer area has both the characteristics of the north and the south.However, the area of the northern and central coastal areas in central Vietnam is too large, and different provinces are different in cultural customs, terrain and landforms, and climate conditions.This increases the administrative cost of the region and is not conducive to the development of economic and social.
After the adjustment, the central region will be divided into two regions: the coastal areas of the central and northern parts and the coastal areas of the central and southern parts. The central region will be more efficient and convenient in terms of administrative management and policy formulation.
Can you pay it as expected?
The author believes that if Vietnam wants to accelerate economic development and cope with natural disasters by re -dividing the area, it still must solve the following problems.First of all, Vietnam lacks a unified and effective regional governance and coordination mechanism, and regional policies have problems such as surface and inadequate implementation.There are currently 63 provinces across Vietnam, and the administrative agencies are complicated.
Ruan Guangtai, Secretary -General of the Vietnamese Economic Science Association, believes that the division of areas must establish a new administrative mechanism and institution, otherwise it will face administrative confusion.In addition, when the regional space is re -divided, there will be a conflict between interests between priority development and resource development and utilization between regions.How to realize the stakeholders' related parties and coordination between ensuring their own interests and achieve long -term development goals of the region are issues that the Vietnamese government still must be considered.
Secondly, the interconnection between regions and internal regions, Vietnam still has a long way to go.It is understood that the Vietnamese highway system is currently only over 2,000 kilometers long and the railway system is about 2,600 kilometers in length.In terms of mileage and quality of Vietnam's transportation system, it is not enough to take on the task of economic development.
In short, if Vietnam wants to accelerate economic development and respond to natural disasters by re -dividing the area, it will take time.
The author is Yunnan University
Master's Graduate Students of the Institute of International Relations
