Ye Shengzhou: Fu Sinian, the head of the two main communities of Peking University in the May Fourth Movement, had a public contradiction with Xu Dezheng. The reason was that there was both the Yu Liang complex and the ideology.
The source of the 5th Fourth Movement of Centennial was Peking University. The main force of Peking University's academic movement was the two clubs Xinchao Society and the National Society.Fu Sinian, the main person in charge of Xinchao News Agency, is the commander of the May 4th Parade. Xu Dezhen, the principal of the National Community, drafted the Beijing Student Declaration of the Beijing Student Circle in the classical Chinese.However, the two have public contradictions and continuous conflicts.
In the old age memoirs published in 1987, Xu Dezheng had accused Fu Sinian twice in democracy and science. It was a bad student and despicable, which led to students' anti -Japanese petition activities that did not achieve the expected results.In May 1918, Fu Sinian did not agree with our anti -Japanese campaign, and went to the public government (that is, the presidential palace) to report it. From then on, when we looked down on him, he was even more voted for Hu Shi;Wu Cheng, Yang Jihua, Zeng Xunxun and others destroyed the student movement. They went to the government to tell the government beforehand and said that LSquo; now some students need to correct the people and demonstrate the government.This is just the movement of a few people, and it cannot represent all the students RSQUO; Yunyun.Fu Sinian and other despicable behaviors were reprimanded by Mr. Cai (pressed: Cai Yuanpei), and they were also despised by many students.
On May 5, 1979, Xu Dezheng also published an article commemorating the 60th anniversary of the May 4th Movement at the People's Daily, accusing Fu Sinian in confrontation.It was said that this anti -Japanese movement in 1918 was not enough to prepare and lack of struggle experience. In addition, there were bad students Fu Sinian and other people inside Peking University, which failed to achieve the expected results.
Xu Dezhen's accusations on Fu Sinian were very severe.The background of this incident is that the Japanese government further controlled China to interfere with the October Revolution of the Soviet Union and Russia. On May 16 and 19, 1918, the Beiyang government secretly signed the Sino -Japanese Army's joint anti -military agreement and the common of the Sino -Japanese Navy in Beijing.Preventing enemy military agreement.On the evening of May 20, Bei University students met at the Xhai dining room. Two students who returned home to Japan generously gave generously, opposed Mei -Japan diplomacy, opposed the government to borrow from Japan, and opposed the selling two railways of Gaoxu and Jishun.
When Luo Jialun saw that everyone could only send a discussion, helpless, and ran to the last speech on the podium to incite the anti -Japanese parade.This thing is useless to be indignant. If we have guts, we will go to Xinhuamenwei Presidential Palace tomorrow to force Feng Guozhen to cancel into an appointment. If he uses the military and police to interfere, we must have the determination to bleed.(Peking University and May 4th Movement in the Cai Yuanpei of Luo Jialun)
The next day, Bei Monthly led more than 2,000 students from various universities in Beijing. Sure enough, he went to Xinhua Gate to ask for publicity and abolished the two unequal agreements signed with Japan.President Feng Guozhen met with 13 student representatives, and Xu Dezhen was one of them.Students lack political experience, the secret agreement has not been abolished, and it is so dispersed after meeting.The petition was very peaceful. Only one Tianjin student representative, Ms. Guo Longzhen, cried in front of the presidential palace, and returned to school from Xinhua Gate at 5 pm.
Although the Luo Jialun's list of the List is the first time for the Chinese Student Movement, the pioneer of the May 4th Movement, and the first time of the people's petition.Revolution and excessive intervention in politics, they even believed that students' actions brought danger to Peking University, and then resigned.Students persuaded and worried that Peking University collapsed. President Feng Guozhen also returned to Cai's resignation and finally retained Cai.Luo Jialun, as the initiator of this anti -Japanese parade, was blamed by some Peking University students.
During the New Culture Movement, three student associations and student journals were standing in Peking University: the Republic of China Republic of China.The trendy club, established in November 1918, mainly supports Chen Duxiu and Hu Shi.Action School; The National Society, established in January 1919, mainly supports Liu Shipei and Huang Kan's doctrine, oppose vernacular, and adhere to the old morality. It is a conservative school.Cai Yuanpei supports these three student associations and publications, but supports the most strong support, and has the greatest credibility, communication, and influence of trend.
The founders and hosts of these three publications are classmates of the Chinese Literature Gate of Peking University. Among them, the new tide editors are Fu Sinian and Luo Jialun; the national editors are Xu Deyi and Chen Jianxiu;Students in the same class are divided into three camps. It is conceivable how much the vibration of the new culture movement was, how large the differences were, and how large the resistance was.Yu Pingbo, a member of the trendy club in the same class, remembered ten events in the 544th anniversary of the poem in 1979. The anecdote of records and wonderful reviews: There are so good things for students and teenagers, and a group of publications compete for three.
The competition between the three associations and three publications complements each other. Because of the different ideological tendencies and youthfulness, it is inevitable that they are secretive, jealous and jealous, and there is a delicate complex.The national editor Xu Dezhen acknowledged in the memoir that these three communities were deeply different from each other, and even did not communicate with each other. We could not do it with Fu Sinian. We did not do what they did;In vernacular, our citizens published articles in classical Chinese genre.hellip; HelloP;
Fu Sinian and Xu Dezheng had a bad relationship, but both respected Li Dazhao.Li Dazhao came forward to mediate the contradiction between the two, and wisdomly united with the common point of opposition to Japan's aggression in China, and organized it together, and the national and trendy did not make trouble.Xu Dezhen recalled that before the May 4th Movement, Li Dazhao mobilized Luo Jialun and Kang Baiqing of the New Wide Magazine to join the Peking University Student Union and convinced us that they allowed them to participate, thereby strengthening the unity between Peking University students.The members of the New Chao Society and the KMT twisted into a rope and became the backbone force of the May 4th Movement.Li Dazhao's mediation eased the sharp confrontation between Fu, Xu, and Xinchao Society and the National Society, and also expanded the promotion of the May 4th Movement.
At present, there is neither Fu Sinian's reckless hammer, nor Xu Dezhen's lying down.Xu Dezheng explained in the postmodern records of the memoir that because I was old, some things were unclear, and I couldn't even remember, and some things were probably wrong in memory.As mentioned, when he recalled major details of major events, he was missing, and he was defective with objectivity and integrity.
Only the May 4th Movement is involved in his memoirs.First, in the early morning of May 3, 1919, Cai Yuanpei learned from Wang Dazhen that Paris and the meeting failed and the contract was signed from Wang Dazhen. At the same time, he told Fu Sinian and Xu Dezhen and many members of the National Society.We have not used us. The truth is that Cai Yuanpei's trust and device emphasis on Fu Sinian exceeded Xu Dezheng;
Secondly, according to Luo Jialun's memories, on May 1 or 2, Fu Sinian, Xu Dezhen, Zhou Binglin, Luo Jialun and other discussions must not only claim state affairs, but also preserve Peking University.The method is on May 7th, and students at Peking University led the mass riots at Tiananmen.This shows that the leaders of Bei University Students are not distinguished by political stances, and they have planned and consensus on organizing academic tide to protest against Chinese sovereignty, pressure the government, awaken the people, and protect their alma mater.Xu Wei mentioned;
Third, Fu Sinian is the main leader of the May 4th Student Movement of the May 4th Student Movement. It is one of the two chairmen of the parade demonstration meeting held in the National Law and Government Specialty School at 10 am on May 4th (the other is Duan Xipeng).Banner, chief commander.Xu Zhi is not mentioned;
Fourth, at 10 am on May 4th, Luo Jialun was temporarily ordered to stand at the long table of Xinchao Society. It waved at 15 minutes. Writing in vernacular was written as a declaration of all the Beijing academic circles, shouting deafening sovereignty, and removing immortality of the country thieves.Slogance, the land of the national alarm clock in China can conquer without being assassinated!Chinese people can kill without bowing!The country is dead!Couples!The declaration of the Beijing student world that is drafted in the classical Chinese is more powerful and powerful, more instigated, with momentum like rainbow, blood veins, which reflect the effect of the literary revolution. Generally, people think that it is the best spirit of young intellectuals.express.(Zhou Ce's History of May 4th Movement) Xu also did not mention it.
fiveIn the 60th anniversary of the Four Movement, China had just rushed out of the Cultural Revolution for three years. Xu Dezheng was the vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National People's Congress and vice chairman of the CPPCC.He published an article on the 60th anniversary of the May 4th Movement in the People's Daily and said: The representatives of bourgeois intellectuals include Duan Xipeng, Luo Jialun, and Fu Sinian.When the patriotic struggle reached the climax, they also appeared in the scum, making a few posture; because they followed Hu Shi to turn around, speculating the camp, and pursuing reading as an official. Therefore, as soon as the exercise passed, he immediately exposed the betrayal.lsquo; May 4th rsquo; spiritual ugly face; with the support of Hu Shi and Jiang Menglin, these people were placed in foreign countries with 100,000 silver dollars, and finally became the Kuomintang's party sticks and social residues.
Xu Wen's statements are full of prejudice and falsehood, at least nine of the questioning.
First, the leaders of Duan, Luo, and Fu initiated and promoted the May Fourth Movement. As Xu, they were based on the sincere emotions of patriotism and saving the country, and have nothing to do with the two parties and the Communist Party.On the occasion of May 4th, there was no Chinese Kuomintang (changed to the current name on October 10, 1919), nor did it not have the Communist Party of China (founded on July 23, 1921).
Second, the use of 100,000 silver dollars is inconsistent with historical facts.The investor is Mu Yanchu, the king of Shanghai cotton, and the capital contribution is only 50,000 silver dollars (Li Jingluo Jiufang: My father Luo Jialun).The purpose of the funding is not utilitarian and has nothing to do with the bourgeoisie and the proletariat.On the afternoon of September 22, 1920, the Jiangsu Education Association held a farewell conference for those who stayed in the United States. When Mu Yan arrived at the venue on the first day of the venue, a reporter asked: Mr. Mu Mu, 50,000 oceans, what is the desire?He replied: Nothing to sell or reputation.My benefits, do not want to repay.Hui Ren reported it, not a gentleman.
Third, this batch of Beauty is not only Xu Shiyan, with the support of Hu Shi and Jiang Menglin, but also the president of Peking University President Cai Yuanpei.In May 1920, Mu Yan first wrote a letter to Cai Yuanpei. Article 4 of the scholarship storage chapter attached to Mu was clearly authorized. The selection of students was dependent on Cai Yimin, Hu Shizhi, Tao Menghe and Jiang Menglin.Because Cai Yuanpei has a lofty prestige in Peking University and the Chinese education community, he parted ways with Chiang Kai -shek in his later years, and he also respected the CCP. Xu Wen avoided this major historical fact.
Fourth, this group of Misheng did not have Fu Sinian, but they all experienced strict examination assessment.At the end of 1919, Fu Yi went to the United Kingdom and then transferred to study in Germany with the second place in Shandong Geng.In June 1920, after the strict assessment of President Cai and the three professors, and discussing several meeting (Mr. Luo Jiufang's father, Mr. Mu Zhenchu), he selected the North University's Political and Law Duan Xippen, the Courage Luo Jialun, Kang Baiqing, French SciencesZhou Binglin and Wang Jingxi (both in the May 4th Movement of the May 4th Movement) went to the United States to study in the United States, and they were also democratic decisions and collective decisions.
Fifth, there were six batch in the Batch of Beauty in 1920, and there were more than a batch.The scholarships provided by Mu Yanchu are very generous. Each person is $ 120 per month, which is much higher than the general standard of public study abroad.The five winners also consciously decided that each person made $ 20 per month to provide another classmate Meng Shouchun, who was unable to be selected.Therefore, the five ministers of the Qing government in December 1905 said that there were actually six people.Since then, more than 20 people including Xianxian court and Zhang Chunming went to the United States to study in the United States, and also benefited from the funding of this scholarship.
Sixth, if Fu Sinian and this group of staying at Meisheng were gold -plated abroad, what did Xu Dezhang learn to study in France for seven years?As one of the figures of the May Fourth Movement, Xu Dezhen was not selected as a batch of Beauty, not because he was famous in the May 4th Movement, nor Professor Cai Yuanpei and Hu, Jiang, and Tao.The reason is simple. In February 1920, Xu had worked hard to study in France and missed the selection that was launched in May.In June 1916, Cai Yuanpei initiated the establishment of the China French Education Association, served as the president, and worked hard to go to France.This project cannot be said to fail or succeed, and it is obviously immature.The French employment situation is severe, and the number of students in France is increasing, and the number of economic aids they need.On January 16, 1921, Cai Yuanpei issued a notice of the Hua Fa Education Association (2). The number of frankness was very huge and difficult to succeed. It was announced that all economic responsibilities for thrift students and diligence students were announced.Essence
Seventh, some of these groups do have some parties in the Kuomintang, and they are not pursuing reading as officials. They are not exactly the Kuomintang's party sticks and social residues. They are quite famous and contributed in the Chinese education community.Fu Sinian is the director of the Historical Language Institute of the Central Academy of Sciences, Luo Jialun has successively served as the president of the National Tsinghua University, the president of the Central University, and Zhou Binglin is the dean of the School of Law of Peking University.University professors and Central Political University of Political University, Kang Baiqing served as a professor at Shandong University, Sun Yat -sen University, Xiamen University, and South China Normal University.
Eighth, Xu Dezheng degraded the love and righteousness of the industrialist Mu Yanchu based on the political position and the accumulated grievances when he was young, and also degraded the love and righteousness of the industrialist Mu Yanchu.Mu donated to fund the generosity and lively, and he was frugal. He served as the general manager of the large yarn factory for more than 400 yuan a month. The monthly food fee was controlled at six yuan.Mu saw a masterpiece of Jiang Shaoyuan at Peking University Monthly, which was extremely promised, so outside of the fund, another $ 2,500 for the tuition fees to go abroad with other students (Mr. Mu Yanchu, the benefactor of Luo Jiufang's father, Luo Jialun)EssenceAs we all know, Jiang Shaoyuan is a pure folklore and comparative religious scholar. Can't deduct the hats of bourgeois intellectuals?
Ninth, I couldn't see that this group of Misheng May 4th movement had betrayed the spirit of the May Fourth Fourth, not to reveal the ugly face.In June 1937, more than ten people including Luo Jialun, Duan Xipeng, Wang Jingxi, and Zhou Binglin, who were funded by Mu Yanchu, initiated a french currency of 10,000 yuan, and established the Mu Yanchu scholarship fund to reward domestic universities in the universities.One of the winners of the school, one of the winners is Yang Zhenning, a college student of Southwest Union, and supports 300 yuan per year.Mu Yan's first funded Li Meisheng's drinking water, Zhi En Tu Pao, is very different from ugly face.
On May 4, 1989, on the 70th anniversary of the May 4th Movement, Xu Dezhang's commemoration of the May 4th article published in Guangming Daily was obviously more rational and peaceful than ten years ago, and he faded out his classmates' personal attacks and ideology -based ugliness.He said: This associate with the third and third -three communities reflects the thoughts of Peking University students at the time of President Cai Lsquo; compatible and include rsquo;They were politically politically in one period before the May 4th Movement, and they were not conspiring each other. They were really called lsquo; free development of rsquo;
If political interference is less academic, then academics will be more free, and history is closer to the truth.Although the main theme of China's social development is no longer politically coquettrated and the class struggle is the outline, the shadow Yu Wei is still there; even if it fades nominally, it is difficult to from the hard work and resistance of the Chinese for hundreds of years.Tanaka is basically cleared.
(Note: The author is a researcher at the Yangtze River Economic Belt Research Institute of Renmin University of China, WeChat public account: SSWYPL. This article only represents the author's personal point of view.
