We have been coexisting with radioactive substances.
Although we can't see the naked eye, there are a lot of radiation around us.In museums and other places, there is a device called "cloud room". You can see the invisible radiation that can be seen through the device.Occasionally entering the radiation trajectory of the cloud room, it looks as white as an airplane cloud.As for the radiation around us, there are less or less imagination, perhaps varying from person to person.
These radiations are not only flying from space, many are generated by radioactive substances around them.Radial substances release radiation, which will change into other substances and belong to unstable substances, which are included in various substances such as soil, wood, minerals, and biology.The generated radiation amount is expressed by Bercler.The amount of radiation generated per second is 1BQ.Berkles is named Bercler's name of the scientist who discovered uranium radiation.
For example, 1 liter seawater contains about 0.08bq uranium.If 1 ton of seawater is collected, uraniums that can put 80bq radiation will be dissolved.In addition to uranium in seawater, various substances are also dissolved.For example, the potassium 40 of the potassium of the essential element of life, dissolved 12bq in 1 liter of seawater.Whether it is Singapore or Qingdao, radioactive substances are originally dissolved in seawater.
The rain also contains radioactive substances.There is a radioactive substance called 氚.上 is the substance of two neutron attach to the hydrogen atom and is also called triterminal hydrogen.In about 12 years of half -life, it will produce a weak β -ray as radiation.The cosmic rays have been released on the atmosphere, and then the rain drops to the surface.About 1BQ contained in 1 liter rain.
The research team of Professor Zhuowei, a well -known Chinese scholar, published an excellent paper on the 33rd issue of Nuclear Science and Techniques of Nuclear Science and Technology.According to this paper, the amount contained in the seawater and the rain is slightly different depending on the regional differences. The higher the latitude, the higher the concentration.In addition, by 1990, the amount of storing in China's rainfall is larger than Japan and South Korea.This also originated from many nuclear tests in China in the past.
The concentration in the seawater also depends on the depth, and the seawater surface layer is about 0.1 to 1bq per liter.But no matter what, the amount is very small, which has no effect on humans and the environment.
Fukushima First Nuclear Power Station plans to discharge a large amount of ALPS processing water (including water) accumulated in the facility.ALPS treatment water is a pollution water caused by nuclear power plant accidents to remove water with most radioactive substances.In addition, because 氚 is similar to hydrogen, the nature is very similar, so it is difficult to remove it simply.Because radioactive substances other than 射 can be removed by chemical methods, these treatment water is only a water with a large amount of pupa.Therefore, mixing into a large amount of seawater, dilute the concentration of 氚 to less than 1500bq per liter, and discharge to a sea from one kilometer away from the coast.The seawater originally contained a 氚 海 海 海 0.1 ～ 1bq per liter.Mix with a large amount of seawater, and instantly dilute to the concentration of about 0.1 to 1bq per liter.In addition, in order to confirm the concentration, monitor near and near the discharge port and nearby seawater to confirm whether it has faded.In case there is no dilution, the discharge will be stopped immediately.
In addition, it is also conscientiously confirmed for radioactive substances other than 外.
Before discharge, after two months of cautious testing, the amount of radioactive substances other than 氚 is confirmed that the amount of radioactive substances is less than international recognized standards.In order to reduce the concentration of 浓, it is intended to dilute to more than 100 times for discharge, so the concentration of radioactive substances other than 氚 will also fade. Compared with the original uranium and potassium in the seawater, it can be said that it is less or even no effect.If the impact of these substances in seawater, it is also the impact of uranium and potassium originally contained in seawater, which will be greater.
In other words, after the ALPS processing water is fully tested and confirmed safety, it will be discharged into a large amount of seawater that originally contained in uranium, potassium, 氚, etc. ThereforeCome.The official will also confirm the dilution through monitoring, so I think there is no problem at all.
By the way, in nuclear power plants around the world, the operation of the atomic furnace will also produce.Like the Fukushima first nuclear power plant, these crickets are discharged into seawater or discharged into the atmosphere.These quantities are much more than the amount of discharge of the discharge of the Flower Power Plant.It quickly faded in the sea water and the atmosphere, and there was no problem at all.Until now, or in the future, there is no problem at all, and can continue to be released.
As described by Professor Zhuo Weihai's group, there are originally crickets in the environment.Compared with the original existence, the emissions of ALPS processing water can also be ignored.In other words, I think everyone can understand that these discharge water will not affect the natural environment, whether for the environment or to humans.
At this time, I want to revisit the fact that humans have been coexisting with radiation.
The author is a professor at the University of Tokyo
