Huang Yizhan
The trend of environment, society and governance (ESG) globally, driving the layout of investment and new creation on this one.More and more emerging industries have also begun to use the "Impact" as the core indicators in the business model and product research and development process.
This trend scraped from Europe and the United States, in the Asia -Pacific region, especially the vibrant Southeast Asian market, influence investment has gradually been valued by institutions of various countries.It has also developed a diverse investment strategy based on the concept of sustainability.
Speaking of influential investment in Southeast Asia, it has grown rapidly in recent years.According to the survey by Intellecap, a global influence investment network (GIIN) and well -known corporate consultant company, from 2007 to 2017, the amount of influential investment in the private sector had exceeded 900 million US dollars, and the funds led by institutions exceeded 10 billion yuanYuan is invested in education, women's equal rights, affordable residences, renewable energy and micro -finance / miniature insurance.Compared with the size of the world's 400 billion US dollars, there is still a lot of room for growth, but it is not difficult to find that more and more companies and institutions can not only generate benefits through the business model, but also focus on specific social and environmental issues.Let capital be created beyond financial performance.
drives a new engine of global economic growth
On the investment environment, Southeast Asia has always been a very interesting place.Entering the 21st century, whether it is the integration of the 10 AD -Anan countries and the development of the Economic community of the Asianan, or the economic and trade cooperation framework with other regions, or individual bilateral free trade agreements, etc., this has prompted this market with more than 600 million people.Become a key area for foreign investment.Coupled with the consideration of the stability of geopolitical factors and supply chain in recent years, many production bases have moved from China to Southeast Asia. Some analysts believe that this will be the next engine that drives global economic growth.Some studies have pointed out that influential investment does not necessarily sacrifice profits. Under certain conditions, there is also the opportunity to play positive benefits.In the future, when investors pay more attention to the UN Sustainable Development Objectives (SDG), they may have the opportunity to achieve a win -win goal with greater influence and greater profits.
Under the principle of satisfying the goal of sustainable development, influential investment can be subdivided into different types and entrance stages.From the perspective of the status quo of Southeast Asia, due to the different development levels of various countries, the differences between politics, economy and religious culture have led to different appearances of influential investment projects in various places.According to GIin's survey, in terms of inclusive finance, green energy construction and smart production, it accounted for 63%of all projects and more than 80%of influence investment amounts.Among them, financial -related services are the most popular, such as the "micro loan" from the operating model of the Nobel Peace Prize winner Yonas and its Gramez Bank.People with convenient contemporary financial systems can get basic services.
Since the 1980s, the World Bank will eliminate poverty and famine as the focus of policy promotion.The first two items of the UN sustainable development goal also emphasized the elimination of poverty and famine. Compared with other goals such as "affordable renewable energy", "responsible consumption and production" or "industrial innovation and infrastructure"Delivery imagination space.
Poverty and famine In traditional concepts, it seems that it can only rely on the aid of the government and charity, and often when the budget is insufficient or the donation is not as good as expected, the plan will be delayed or canceled.However, if you think from the perspective of the influential business model, through the appropriate mechanism and cause design, in fact, you have the opportunity to introduce the power market forces and use innovative models to create revenue for organizations and enterprises.question.
Yonas was observed that most families living under poor lines were observed at that time, because there were no suitable financial services or forced to borrow from usury, causing a debt trap.He then focused on the development of small borrowings that can be controlled with risks and limited uses to help these people.Studies have shown that after a period of time, a large part of the lives of poor families have been improved. Among them, women's micro -loan provides children with children to help them buy capital wealth and operate small business in small business, which can improve their lives.Their children have the opportunity to receive basic education and indirectly meet the fifth item of sustainable development goals: gender equality, and the fourth item: the popularity of education.
Existing micro -loan service agency
Therefore, Southeast Asia, which is neighboring to the country of Yonas' national Bangladesh, may also face similar social problems, and micro -finance will also be a very popular area in the local area and attract many entrepreneurial teams and international capital investment.Regular financial institutions such as banks also provide similar services.Several institutions that provide micro -loan services, such as Vietnam's VBSP, ACLEDA in Cambodia, Thailand, Village and Urban Revolving Fund, and Proximity in Myanmar, etc., all provided different degrees of financial services to contain vulnerable ethnic groups., Women, farmers, people with emergency needs.In the traditional financial system, these people are likely to be unlikely even the most basic account.
According to some analysts, Southeast Asia's microfinance can only meet the overall needs of less than 60%, and still require more innovation and funds.However, micro -finance may also abuse and cause other problems due to improper use and lack of good risk control systems.These are definitely the part of the influential investment institutions when examining the case, which will be particularly carefully evaluated. Furthermore, how to measure and verify the results, the management of the stakeholder (StakeHolder), the tools and mechanisms of the dynamic measurement of influence, etc., etc.They are all challenges.
From financial extension, such as micro -insurance, SME accounts receivable financing, migrant (foreign workers) capital exchange return to the mother country, as well as the work platform for work, brand counseling for the characteristic products of rural areas (such as Thailand’s"One Township and One Special Product", also known as the ONE Tambon One Product), or the fields of prevention of medical care, elderly care and services, have also attracted a lot of capital to enter. Through innovative business models andContinuously run in with the market to earn income, and at the same time develop solutions for specific problems.
Looking at the development trends in recent years, when SDG and ESG combine the investment portfolio, they have found projects that can have "reasonable" profitability and can shoulder the influence of social and environmental mission in all parts of the world., Southeast Asia, which is talented, should not be just a part of the global supply chain, but should be regarded as part of the value chain. In the process of enterprises focusing on creating revenue, the capitalism of shareholders' supremacy has gradually developed into more attention to benefits.Capitalism of the relationship.
The author is the United Nations Advisor of the Information Technology Department
More and more enterprises and institutions can not only generate income through business models, but also focus on specific social and environmental issues, so that capital can create value beyond financial performance.Southeast Asia, which is rich and talented, should not be just a part of the global supply chain, but should be regarded as part of the value chain.
