Source: Nikkei Chinese website
Author: Sato Hao Shi
The US layout of the world's largest semiconductor founder TSMC (TSMC) is ushered in a new situation.The investment in production bases built in Arizona in the west has increased to more than $ 40 billion.In the context of the increasingly intensified dispute between Sino -US dominance of semiconductor, Japanese Economic News visits are at the construction site of the TSMC's new factory that is promoted locally.
Founding in the city center of the administrative agency in the city center of the administrative agency, driving along the highway for about 30 minutes, a large number of cranes will appear in the wilderness.This is a new base for TSMC to create cutting -edge semiconductors.The area of 4.5 square kilometers is equivalent to 95 Tokyo Dome Stadium.Around the factory factories that have formed outlines, the trucks of transportation materials come and go busy.
In order to attract the factory that started mass production in 2024, the US government has devoted his efforts since Trump's former presidential era.After the completion, the "4 nanometer (nanometer (nanomi is 1 billion % of 1 meter)" chip that can be made into a smartphone and server brain.
American factories in Intel and Samsung Electronics in South Korea have not yet entered the same level of products.After the completion of the TSMC factory, for the United States, it helps the strengthening of the country's purchase of important technologies.
TSMC also revealed on December 6 the plan to build a more cutting -edge "3 -nanometer" chip factory in adjacent places.Observing the equipment relocation ceremony held on the same day, we can see that the United States is looking forward to it.Not only the governor and local lawmakers, but even the president Biden rushed to the local area in person.
"Where does the United States cannot lead the world again in the manufacturing industry? We are proved that the United States can do it."Before the vertical slogan of "Made in the United States", Biden made a strong word.
The United States strengthens control of China in the field of semiconductor -related.In October, it was decided to strictly restrict US companies exporting cutting -edge manufacturing equipment to Chinese companies. The employment of U.S. citizens and green card holders in Chinese semiconductor companies also included in the review target.While weakening the Chinese momentum that weakens its own technology, the strategy of consolidating the country's supply chain has not changed after the regime change.
In terms of expectations for new factories, private enterprises are also exactly the same.Apple CEO (CEO) Tim Cook and Nvidia CEO CEO, Jensen Huang, also attended the ceremony.
Cook boasted the chip independently developed by TSMC's OEM, saying that "it will be carved with the mark of the United States."Lisa Su, CEO of Ultra -micro Semiconductor Corporation (AMD), also shows the idea of purchasing semiconductors from the new factory.
The US base has also appeared under the production of 2024 and revealed."I just moved over."The reporter drove from TSMC's new base for 10 minutes and came to a collective house in the construction area. In a corner of, he met a male employee of TSMC.According to it, in order to prepare for production, he was sent here to work from Taiwan.Considering the inflow of the residents and newly hired technicians, the surrounding houses are accelerating the progress of construction.
According to TSMC forecast, two factories that produce 4 nanometers and 3 nanometer products add up, and the number of employees will reach 4,500.The number of employees of suppliers such as components and devices is expected to reach 13,000.A reporter from the local media said excitedly: "It mainly attracted TSMC's investment in the second place to build a newly built. It also brought a chain effect on construction and real estate (local economy)."
However, it is not only TSMC's enterprise in large -scale investment in the local area.Driving south from the center of Phoenix, you will see another plot with multiple cranes in construction.This is the base of Intel, which has been marched in the region since 40 years ago.
Intel has announced the construction of two new factories in March 2021, and is currently under construction (the same as TSMC) in 2024 (the same as TSMC).The company's chief executive (CEO) Pat Gelsinger, Pat Gelsinger, commented on Twitter to congratulate Twitter on Twita's migration in TSMC, but the two companies will inevitably start the competition for semiconductor talents.
Because the taxes and living expenses here are lower than that of Silicon Valley and other areas, IT (information technology) companies are constantly settled, and they may be involved in a larger scope of talent battle.
Another subject that may face is whether TSMC's corporate culture can take root here.In order to improve the skills of employees and prepare for the start of mass production, TSMC sent 600 employees across the United States to Taiwan.It is said that after training in Taiwan's bases, these people will be assigned to the new base of Phoenix.Including Taiwanese engineers who have been summoned in the United States, more than 1,000 people have received training related to the operation of new bases.
TSMC has always pointed out that considering supply chains and talents, the production of the United States is "high in cost."However, TSMC's vigilance of Sino -US confrontation and Taiwan's emergency situation has improved, and the founder Zhang Zhongmou began to think that free trade was almost dead.There are also reasons for the US government to provide large -scale subsidies. TSMC began to disperse the base.
The success or failure of the US base is not only related to the direction of China -US dominance, but also may also affect TSMC's future strategy.The scenery of "Silicon Desert" will also change at the same time.
