Scientists warn that rapid globalization and human beings' slowness of nature means that epidemic and epidemic diseases are likely to explode frequently unless these two trends are curbed or reversed.
In a fragmented world that is recovered from a new type of coronary virus pneumonia (COVID-19, that is, the 2019 coronary virus disease), a new major epidemic may destroy the surviving humans.This is the plot in the TV movie COVID-21: COVID-21: Lethal Virus. The film imagines another kind of coronary virus will appear next year.
This low -cost film is unlikely to receive any Oscar award, but many scientists believe that the assumptions in the film are not far -fetched.The popularity of the new crown marks that since the intersection of the century, after the SARS and the Middle East Breathing Syndrome (MERS), a coronary virus appeared for the third time was considered by bats to humans and then evolved into an epidemic disease.Situation.
Scientists believe that the coronary virus has spread in the bat group for several centuries history, but in recent years, it has become a major source of common diseases and animals.Virus (ebola) and Zika virus (Zika).
Scientists blame the two trends on the increase in pathogen spillover in animals: rapid globalization, and human beings interact with naturally in a slow way.They warned that this means that various epidemics and epidemics are likely to explode regularly unless these two trends can be curbed or reversed.
The crown virus is not surprising at all. Harvard University's climate, health, and global environmental centerWe knew before that two -thirds of mdash; mdash; even three -quarters of mdash; mdash; new hair infectious diseases were caused by pathogens from wild organisms to humans.
Bernstein said that the main reason for this cross -infection is that humans have changed in natural ways, such as rapidly cutting forests and global wild biological trade.
There is no free lunch in nature. He said that we swim in the same bacterial pool as other animals.If we stretch the structure of life too long, something will jump out of the bacteria pool and fall on us.
Jonathan Epsons, vice president of Ecohealth Alliance, headquartered in the United States; Jonathan Epstein, said that the change in land use, including felting forests is the biggest push factor for new infectious diseases.Essence
Epustein said that the logging road built to obtain wood allows humans to penetrate the forest hinterland that has not been touched before, and then contact wild creatures with diseases.The cutting forest caused animals in these forests to be forced to find new habitats, increasing their opportunities to spread pathogens to other species including humans.
Joe Walston, senior vice president of Wildlife CONSERVATION SOCIETY; Joe Walston also accused of wild biological transactions performed by products such as exotic food, fur and alternative drugs.
We have also experienced a common disease of people and animals in the past, but they rarely appeared between the two outbreaks for a long time. He said, but now, the frequency of highip; hellip; is increasing.And this situation will continue to increase until we decide to re -evaluate our relationship with wild animals.
At first, Chinese health officials believed that the new crown pneumonia was transmitted from a certain animal in a food market in Wuhan to sell wild animals from a certain animal.The latest evidence shows that the new coronal virus originated from other places, but experts said that so many people have shown that after shopping in the market, the market plays a key role in the spread of epidemic.
In the past, the experience of dealing with the coronary virus including SARS told us that these viruses could spread in the market system. Epustein said that the market in Wuhan appeared to play a role in a magnifying center.If you are a real source.
Although people blame human beings from animals to humans on cutting forests and wild biological trade, globalization has turned the epidemic into a global popularity.
Bernstein said: These are matches that ignite the popular flames, but it is human globalization and the increasing population density of cities.
If it was 50 years ago, the spread of new crown pneumonia from Wuhan to other parts of the world was much more difficult.In the past, the residents of this city had neither travel nor the free choice of travel. Wuhan airports were completed in 1995, and international flights were not started until 2000.
Scientists believe that for a long time before the Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic in 1976 for a long time, the virus had entered human body for a long time before the Ebola virus epidemic.The main difference between the Ebola epidemic of the entire West Africa from 2013-16 was that the first infected person was considered to appear in Guinea and a village near the border near the Sierra Leine and Liberia.
There is enough interoperability there, and the road is very smooth, so that the Ebola cases have entered the capital city for the first time in history. Suddenly, millions of people can be infected. Emanstein said that it is a small bonfire, but it is a small bonfire, butCan become a long -term fire.
Because reversing urbanization is not a real choice, scientists say that more measures must be taken to build public health infrastructure and infectious disease monitoring systems.
Chief CEO of Chicago Community Trust Fund (Chicago Community Trust), the former government health officer Helennie; Helene Gayle, a former government health officer of Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC);After the impact on the animal ecosystem, we can be sure that more such viruses may occur.
Galle said that the United States needs to establish a comprehensive (infectious disease) monitoring system, and at the same time, it obtains the ability of fast and precisely developing vaccines.
In an article recently published by Science journals, Bernestein called on governments to take out a total of $ 22 billion each year to prevent the abuse of forests and standardized wild biological trade.
He also suggested to invest hundreds of millions of dollars on the system that detects and controls the outbreak of infectious diseases, including the establishment of a virus gene library that can quickly identify new pathogens and prevent virus transmission.
The amount of funds invested is huge.But Bernestein emphasized that compared with the economic and personnel losses caused by new crown pneumonia, these funds are only nine cows.Economists predict that economic losses caused by new crown pneumonia may reach 10 trillion to 20 trillion US dollars, equivalent to a quarter of global GDP of $ 81 trillion.
Among them, the economic account is clear. He said that investment is equivalent to a small part of the cost caused by only a few of these infectious diseases, reducing the risk of pathogens overflowing, even a percentage point, which is extremely cost -effective.
Translator/He Li
