Ming Pao News Agency
Every year, there is a strange phenomenon in Mainland China. There are almost ten rooms and nine emptys other than the residential area of tourist attractions in large cities.queue.The large city is the product of the government's urbanization policy. At the same time, it has also created various social problems. With the transformation of economic structure and the development of science and technology, the situation where the population of large cities is endlessly expand will be reversed.Supporting reform measures need to be introduced urgently.
In Beijing with a population of 21.7 million, Shenzhen with a population of 12 million people, the road no longer stuffed the road during the Spring Festival, the subway is no longer crowded.After returning to the hometown, after the first day of the new year, citizens also went to surrounding towns, major attractions, and even traveling abroad.In the opposite direction, residents from rural and small cities squeezed the Forbidden City, Yonghe Palace and Great Wall.This phenomenon is intensifying every year. From the perspective of the Spring Festival, it will reach nearly 4 billion people this year, which can be imagined.
In the past 40 years, the population of Shenzhen has grown from tens of thousands of to tens of millions, and the population of Beijing has expanded from 8.71 million to 21.7 million.Social frictions that are severely haze, foreign population welfare benefits fail to align with the household registration population, the second generation of the low -end population in Beijing, and the third generation of the low -end population in Beijing. It is still unable to enter public schools.With expensive rents, and living in the outskirts of the Fifth Ring and Sixth Ring Road, the daily traffic time is 4, 5 hours, etc.
Super city population tens of millions
Pollution housing problems follow
Urbanization is a national policy. The goal is to allow 75%of the population to live in the city. It has not yet reached 60%and the policy is still being promoted.The goal of the urbanization policy was originally to relocate the remaining labor force of the countryside to the nearby small towns. The suggestion made by Sociologist Fei Xiaotong decades ago is: in small towns and township enterprises in small towns, letting farmers leave the countryside.Do not enter the city.This proposal allows farmers to maintain semi -agricultural and half -work, and gradually transition to residents in the city in a familiar community.
Because the standard of measurement of officials in the past is only GDP theory, all provinces and cities are robbing GDP and disorderly competition. Any industry that is conducive to expanding the economy is included. Large cities must be eaten in size, both high -tech industries, labor, labor, and laborThe dense processing industry; both the financial industry and the clothing wholesale market; the population of large cities is inevitable.
After the emergence of various urban diseases and social problems, young people cannot cope with heavy burdens and do not want to bear huge pressure. Some choose to escape from North (Jing) Shang (Hai) Guang (State);Urban evacuation some unnecessary industries; enterprises are also relocating to big cities.
However, in a severe employment environment, young people escape from big cities. After all, it is unrealistic. Some people resign from their officials. Every year, more people are rushing to catch the field at night. Where the employment market is, it will form a huge suction.Government agencies, state -owned enterprises, and central enterprises are the largest employers. The government dominates the market. At present, the Beijing Municipal Government will move to Tongzhou, which connects Tianjin.The pressure to solve Beijing can also be connected into a piece of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and developed a division of labor to form a true Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei regional urban agglomeration.This policy, execution and effects promoted by administrative orders are in the test stage.
New Area Service New Area
Administrative instructions are effectively completed
Commercial considerations are also an important factor. The land cost and employee living cost of large cities affect the choice of the company's location. The telecommunications giant Huawei moves from Shenzhen to the surrounding Dongguan. It is an indicator.However, whether this approach has become a new model depends on other factors. One is as a telecommunications dealer. As long as the communication channels are smooth, the headquarters and R & D bases are not very different in Shenzhen and Dongguan.There is no problem with children who have no children in the unmarried or newly married, and the dependence on the medical system is relatively low. As long as the company provides a good working environment, employees will not resist the psychology.Become a copy that can be replicated in other industries.
The current situation is that due to the elimination of some labor -intensive industries, a large number of industrial workers are unemployed, the low -end service industries are still in a difficult living state due to lack of labor security, restaurant waiters, courier senders, etc.Vigorously developed, they were forced to live in large cities, and the government, enterprises and employees were harmed by super cities and failed to form balanced development. This state needs to be improved urgently.
Because resource allocation is extremely dependent on government policies, schools, hospitals, and some cultural facilities are necessary factors for employees.The central government created a Xiong'an in Hebei Hengkong, asking some central organs to move from Beijing to a barren land. One of the supporting facilities is to choose some well -known hospitals and schools in Beijing to set up branches in Xiong'an to set up a job for collective relocation.Personnel provides necessary services, and their Beijing household registration remains unchanged. Even so, policy implementation has encountered a lot of resistance.How to attract large enterprises to relocate headquarters to cities around Dacheng City also requires the government to use administrative instructions and welfare policies to support the development of small towns.In this way, the pressure of large cities can be relieved, and small towns are developing. If the test is successful, there will be a chance to form a harmonious pattern.
