Source: United News Network
Author: Wu Yiyan
The UN Population Fund issued a world population report, showing that India has the most populous country.However, whether the population growth can become the demographic dividend of national strength still has doubts, and it may also face new challenges of economic growth and climate change and carbon reduction vision.
The high economic growth of mainland China, except for the openness of the system and the trend of the world factory cluster; it has accumulated a huge population before implementing the "one -child" policy in the 1980s, and is an important economic growth drive engine.After the labor force is getting rich at this stage, the consumption power can be contributed, and it is simply a rolling positive cycle.Can this model copy in India?
If the education diploma is positively correlated with the population quality, and the population quality is the one -loop of the demographic dividend. According to the Law Census of India in 2011, the national higher education education accounts for 6.3%of the total population; and the proportion of Chinese higher education education in 2022Statistics are more than 15%.Although it is difficult to compare the data of the same year due to the delay of the Indian population census, the differences between the population nature of the two countries can still be seen.
According to the evaluation of the Economic Cooperation and Development Organization (OECD) in 2020, India's proportion of higher education at the age of 25 to 34 is 21%, which is far lower than 47%of OECD. It shows that most of the Indian labor population is low -tech workers.After thinking about the trend of the AI introduction of the industrial chain, if the growth of Indian population growth has not improved the quality, it may not be the demographic dividend, but it is more likely to be the population liabilities.
The country is locked during the epidemic, coupled with regional conflicts, and the geopolitical power under geopolitics is clear.However, after the 27th UN climate change conference at the end of last year, US President Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping had a dialogue due to climate change issues. It seems that climate change is a common issue that can cushion.When we look at the relationship between carbon emissions and population, it has its meaning.
According to the global carbon plan research team released the global carbon budget report in 2022, China accounts for 32%of global carbon emissions, followed by 14%in the United States, and then 8%of India.Poverty.The United States is less than a quarter of China and India. It is converted into a per capita carbon row. The United States is 2.4 times that of China and 10 times that of India.
If economic growth is the common vision of various countries, and the so -called "demographic dividend" interpretation basis. In the AI -oriented business model, India has to convert the population and liabilities to become a dividend. There is still a long way to go;Most of them have a significant positive relationship with carbon emissions. While talking about climate change and carbon reduction vision, how to re -interpret the economic vision will be the next wave of challenges.
The author is an associate professor at the Institute of Merchants of the University of Science and Technology
