(Tokyo News) It is predicted that the average life expectancy of the global population in 2060 is 76.2 years old and female 80.6 years old, but at present many countries have the trend of aging of young children, which means that countries will face the longer and longer ones.The question of who supports the elderly, and the world has not been fully prepared for this, and it may face the crisis of pension in the future.
The Nikkei Chinese report, including developed countries, including Japan, generally, public pensions are mainly based on intergenerational support for employees to support retirees.This is naturally not a problem when the birth rate is high and young people are when there are many young people, but if you are young (derived from Japanese, referring to the decline in fertility, the young population gradually decreases) acceleration, society becomes a pyramid type with many elderly people. Such pensions are pensions.The system will be paralyzed.
If there are more retired elderly people who are still working, if you want to keep the amount of pensions, the burden of each in -employee will become heavier.Many developed countries with aging of young children have improved their age to receive pensions and the working hours of extending the elderly.
Reports pointed out that the United States and Germany have decided to raise their age to 67 years old, and Britain has also increased to 68 years old.However, Italy, which is known as the "pension paradise", went against it. In April 2019, it was approved to receive pensions from the age of 62. As a result, more than 110,000 people chose to retire in advance.
Mercerjapan's pension consultant, Mercerjapan, believes that this move will cause the sustainability of Italian pension to be dangerous.
The aging ratio of Italy is second only to Japan, more than 23%, and the level of public pension payment in Italy is nearly 80%at the time of employment, which is about twice that of Japan and Germany.Italy did not have a stable financial source, but generously approved the reduction of pensions to receive the age, which may make this "pension paradise" facing crisis.
The Dutch pension system can be used for reference
serious.Taking Thailand as an example, by 2025, the country's population over 65 years of age is expected to exceed 20 % of the total population, and only 20 % of the approximately 14 million regular workers have joined the pension system.
It is reported that if countries around the world want to overcome the pension crisis, they can learn from Dutch experience.The Netherlands adopts the system that automatically increases the age of pension with the extension of the average life expectancy, which alleviates the influence of the aging aging and has been evaluated as "the world's most stable system."
However, the Netherlands is not satisfied with the status quo, and it still accelerates corporate pension reforms to cope with the era of low interest.The new system introduced by the Netherlands will push corporate pensions from "co -aid" to "self -service" next year, and change the payment amount according to the operation of the enterprise, thereby preventing the insurance premiums paid by young people from being used in the pension of the previous generation.
The future world population is expected to decrease, which means that the pension system that seriously relies on intergenerational support is very dangerous. Before the crisis comes, countermeasures must be taken worldwide.
Takagaya and Hiro of Mitsubishi UFJ Trust Bank pointed out that based on the above situations, measures such as accumulating personal assets and supporting corporate pensions through tax benefits will become more and more important.
