Liu Qiao, Dean of the School of Management, Peking University, said that in the past, the Chinese economy was driven by large -scale projects such as large -scale investment and infrastructure. HoweverIt cannot be developed by pursuing the expansion of scale as before.
China's economic growth has slowed down in recent years, and its requirements for high -quality development have increased day by day, and the economic and trade frictions with the United States have not resolved.How should Chinese companies adjust to respond to nodes that coexist in both inside and abroad?
Liu Qiao, the dean of the Chinese Economist and Dean of the School of Gwanghua Management of Peking University, was advised to start the scale from changing its own thinking model and no longer blindly pursuing scale.
Liu Qiao pointed out that enterprises and academia should maintain their ideological openness. Do not rely too much on the existing theoretical model, and make corresponding changes according to the changes in the environment.China's development experience in the past 40 years should gain more respect and research in the academic community, and has become a case that other countries can refer to.
He called on the development and management of Chinese enterprises to change from expanding scale to focusing on investment efficiency and value creation in order to adapt to the new growth model of China's future.
He pointed out that the background of Chinese enterprises' development in the past 40 years is that the Chinese economy has increased at high speed under the drive of large -scale projects such as large -scale investment and infrastructure.However, China's economy has slowed down, and at the same time, it has higher requirements for high -quality development. Enterprises can no longer achieve development through the expansion of scale as before.Therefore, how to adapt to the transformation of China's economic growth model has become one of the biggest problems facing Chinese companies.
Liu Qiao believes that Chinese companies have also started to feel in the past 10 years. They need to find a new path from the simple and scale pursuit of the past. They are aware that the size of the enterprise cannot be continued. Now it has reached the time of adjustment.The exploration process has just begun.
Use trade friction to turn to the domestic consumer market
So where is the adjustment direction of Chinese companies?Liu Qiao believes that in addition to changing the business model in business, the company also needs to be adjusted in market choices.
Over the past year, the international environment has been endless. Sino -US friction has gradually spread from trade to science and technology. It is not good news for enterprise development.Under the dual pressure of unstable external environment and slowing internal economic growth, Liu Qiao believes that this is also a turnaround.
In any case, entrepreneurs should know where their markets and consumers are to listen to the market and listen to consumers.Liu Qiao pointed out that China has a large enough market, and Chinese companies should use trade friction this window to turn to the domestic consumer market.
Liu Qiao believes that the driving force for China's economic growth is gradually shifting from exports and investment to domestic consumption, and for a long time in the future, it provides Chinese enterprises with buffers that respond to the unstable external environment.The factors formed this buffer mainly come from the huge base of China's population.
He pointed out that although China faces the problem of population aging, in around 2035, there are still nearly 480 million people under the age of 45 in China, about half of which have received higher education above college.He defines these people as a middle -income group, and believes that their spending power will be the same as Japan in 2004, and the per capita income will reach two or three times.38%increased to 58%.
Chinese companies are just big but not great
With the changes of consumer entities, consumer varieties and preferences will also change, turning to service -oriented consumption such as finance, medical care, pension, education, and entertainment.After all, China is a 1.4 billion population consumer market. The proportion of rising in the future will be very high. From the perspective of residential consumption or service -oriented consumption, (for enterprises) provide endless opportunities.
With the change of consumer groups and habits, Liu Qiao believes that the ultimate demand side of China will force the supply side, forcing Chinese companies to turn into consumer services and create value creation.At the same time, global industries will also be made from China to Made in China, and no longer ignores the needs and markets of huge Chinese consumers.
From the large to great in 2014, Liu Qiao once pointed out that Chinese companies are just big, not great.Today, he believes that enterprises should be able to adapt to the dynamic changes in the market, have a keen response to demand side, and pursue value creation as a corporate mission.If the enterprise can complete the transformation in this process, it will naturally become a great enterprise in the future.
Liu Qiao believes that among Chinese companies, the three companies of Huawei, Alibaba, and Tencent have done well in value creation, and they keenly capture market changes and consumer preferences of telecommunications, e -commerce and mobile Internet.Interests of value.
Huawei's research and development accounts for about 15%of corporate sales revenue, which is not like a business that pursues scale.It is more long -term layout to ensure the number of patents and technical capabilities of enterprises. It can always find new growth areas in such a more dynamic change environment in the future, and always lead the technical level.
As for Alibaba and Tencent, Liu Qiao believes that these two companies are considering showing a certain pattern in the long -term development.By establishing a platform for small and micro enterprises, Alibaba allows consumers to get a high -quality consumption experience, while working in the direction of creating a valuable enterprise.Tencent transferred to the industrial end through a large amount of data generated by the past, and forced the supply side from the consumption end.
Liu Qiao believes that as long as it can maintain a relatively stable external environment and give more encouragement and protection to the entrepreneurial spirit, China will be extremely likely to create value and have the same value as the same value as the social value of society.
What we have to do is to have a clear understanding of challenges, at the same time create a relatively stable atmosphere, encourage individuals to find answers, and then fully believe in the market, entrepreneurs, and vibrant individuals.
Lack of understanding of Chinese model
Liu Qiao pointed out that companies will inevitably encounter resistance from themselves in the transformation. They are too used to the past model, and do not change according to the environment of the times.There are similar problems in the academic community. Excessive dependence on familiar thinking fixed formulas, rejecting facts in order to defend value propositions, and ideological passivation and conservatives.
The Chinese economy has changed dramatically in the past 40 years, but the academic circles have not enough attention, research, and respect for the Chinese model and experience.Regarding China's development, Western scholars only explained in a brief explanation through emotional ways, so that Chinese development was threatened by mistake.
Liu Qiao analyzed that China's development speed was too fast, which surprised the world and could not effectively make relevant investigations, which led to backward analysis.In 1978, China accounted for only 1.8%of the total global economic volume, but after 40 years, it became 16%to 17%, which is difficult to explain with the existing theoretical paradigm.
He pointed out that the previous leading ideas of the academic community were the dual opposition of the planned economy and the market economy, but China has stepped out of the middle road between the two, conducting effective attempts between the national strategy and the market, and creating an economic miracle.
Therefore, Liu Qiao believes that the academic community tries to explain China's economic rise through the existing paradigm, ignoring its special development path, so that the lack of understanding and tolerance of the Chinese model can be studied fairly and rationally.
He suggested to study from the result orientation rather than values.China's development model and the development model advocated by the market economy do not exclude each other, but to some extent constitute a toolbox to solve the global economic and development problems.
Chinese experience provides the reference of other countries
In the past 4In the high -speed development of 10 years, China's experience also provides a reference to the development of new economic models for other countries, which enriches economic development toolboxes.Liu Qiao pointed out that compared to Western countries, China has just completed the industrialization process, so it is closer and more in line with the current environment. Therefore, it is more convincing to be eager to complete the industrialization and improve the quality of the people's life.
The revelation of China's development model to other countries is to focus on the fact that the attitude of seeking truth from facts and step by step focuses on the key issues facing the present, clarify the awareness of the problem, and then try to solve it.The correct standard for measuring solutions should be the effectiveness of solving problems.Liu Qiao took the national strategy and market economy to inspire the underlying vitality as an example. It is said that although this model is difficult to be accepted by the market system, it is effective in China.
Liu Qiao emphasized that this does not mean that there is only one solution. It is bluntly that China's development itself only provides a conference alternative solution, which may be suitable for some countries.
In Liu Qiao's opinion, whether it is the knowledge class or the enterprise management, the most avoided thing is to be bound by past experience and ignore the advancement with the times.For enterprises, this means to have a fault with the market and consumers; for the knowledge class, this means to explain new phenomena with inappropriate old theories and lose creativity and accuracy.Only by adopting a practical attitude to study the issue and maintaining an open mentality, can we continue to improve without being eliminated.
