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"The major imbalance of China's economic and social development is the imbalances of industrialization and urbanization." Song Xiaowu, deputy director of the Office of the Old Industrial Base Leading Group of the China Economic Reform Research Foundation, former State Council's revitalization of the Northeast ChinaThis is said on the China Economic Forum.
Song Xiaowu pointed out that the urbanization rate in China increased from 52.57%in 2012 to 58.52%in 2017, which is still far lower than the industrialization rate.Excluding the number of migrant workers in the cities and towns, in 2017, the urbanization rate of China's household registration population was only 42.35%.
"With the acceleration of urbanization process, migrant workers have become the largest main force in the labor market in urban areas in China." Song Xiaowu quoted the data published by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, pointing out that in 2017, the total number of urban employment population in 2017 was 420 millionThe total amount was 286 million, accounting for 67.5%of the urban employment population; the national union members reached 303 million, of which 140 million were migrant workers.This means that 70%of the employment population in cities and towns is migrant workers.
In 2017, the proportion of new -generation migrant workers born in 1980 and afterwards accounted for 50.5%of the total migrant workers across the country. For the first half, the proportion of migrant workers with higher education was significantly increased."If the problem of the new generation of migrant workers is not resolved for a long time, this will be the potential instability of China's economic and social."
"If the urbanization of the previous stage is the urbanization of 280 million migrant workers, then the urbanization of the new stage should be the urbanization of civicization of migrant workers." Song Xiaowu said.
A study published in 2016 in "Macroeconomic Research" shows that if migrant workers are converted into urban residents and consumed according to the consumption model of urban residents, their endowment features remain unchanged, and their per capita consumption will increase significantly by 27 % by 27 %It is basically equivalent to the consumption level of urban residents.If the endowment characteristics of migrant workers' income, the level of endowment insurance, and education level are continuously improved, and the consumption potential of migrant workers will be greater.
Song Xiaowu believes that China must accelerate the process of migrant workers' citizens and further do five further aspects in the "13th Five -Year Plan" period: first, implement the right to equal employment in urban and rural residents;To establish a social security system covering all residents of urban and rural areas, we should also propose some social security transfer policies for migrant workers' liquidity, but "cannot engage in a social security system for migrant workers";The public service system; fifth, the land policy must be conducive to the urbanization of migrant workers, and reform the rural land system in this way.
He emphasized that although migrant workers have land in rural areas, the new generation of migrant workers can no longer be able to "go to lingering".After 30 years of workers in the city, their children have become new -generation migrant workers, and their homesteads and contracting areas are still in rural areas.The citizenization process of migrant workers is not only hindered by administrative means such as household registration, but also dragged down by homesteads and contracting land.
