In the past few years, Hong Kong's political situation was turbulent, and it began to fade out of the front position on some global competitiveness rankings, which made many Hong Kong people exclaimed that Hong Kong's prospects were dangerous.Unexpectedly, the United Nations announced a worldwide survey last month, and Hong Kong even took a "first", and many Hong Kong people felt ridiculous.
Here is the annual "World Population Status" report of the United Nations Population Fund.The report pointed out that two -thirds of people around the world live in countries with low fertility rates. Among them, each woman in Hong Kong has only 0.8 children, and the fertility rate ranks the lowest in the world. It was then South Korea and Singapore.Macau and mainland China are also ranked ten positions in ranking.
In fact, the low birth rate in Hong Kong is not new.According to the latest Hong Kong Statistical Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly Published this year, Hong Kong's fertility rate has roughly showed a decline in the past 30 years. From 1991, there were 1,281 living babies per 1,000 women, which fell sharply by nearly 40 % to the previous year.772, hit a new low in 30 years.
Looking back at the 1990s, there are low fertility levels such as Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan, such as Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore, South Korea.Why do people in these areas delay their fertility or unwilling to have more?From the experience of European and American countries, equality between men and women seems to be a very important factor.
With the development and progress of society, many Asian women in recent years have worked together with men in terms of education and employment, and even have even better.Many women do not want to have children and are worried that they will affect the quality of life.Some women who have a strong sense of business have a lot of job opportunities and hope to develop in their careers. They are unwilling to stay at home during the golden money to make children, so that the late marriage situation is common.
But the birth rate of Hong Kong is at the end of the world, and there is a different reason from other regions, that is, the cost of raising is too high.For example, Hong Kong is the most difficult city in the world to buy a house. The property prices have risen many times in more than ten years. Many couples have become house slaves, and they are no longer capable of raising children.
I remember an interview with a householder in the past two years.A family of three lives in a room in the poor area in the poor area. A room with a area of less than 10 square meters. It can only be placed with a small bed and a small table that can be folded up.Because the bed is too small, the family of the household can only put two chairs on the bed every night, and then rest on the body.
It is difficult to imagine that living in such a narrow snail unit, even sleeping is a problem, and will have a willingness to give birth.This is just an example of many grass -roots families in Hong Kong.In Hong Kong, the cost of fertility must be borne by individuals.For most families, in addition to dealing with their jobs, the couple also need to play a variety of roles including family care.It is not in line with the reality of life at all.
It is worth noting that in recent years, Hong Kong has a low fertility rate, and many social problems have been derived. For example, in recent years, primary and secondary schools and kindergartens have faced the crisis of suspension due to insufficient rations.Last month, the Education Workers' General Union visited 418 educators in the form of questionnaires and found that as many as 80 % of the teachers interviewed were worried about the "shrinking class and killing schools".The group suggested that the Hong Kong government should suspend school shrinkage and continue to maintain teachers.
It is even more worrying that the low fertility rate in Hong Kong not only affects the education community, but also brings many unfavorable population consequences to the overall society, including the decline in social labor, which is not conducive to Hong Kong's economic growth.
At the same time, with the decline in fertility and the increase in population life, the proportion of the elderly population has continued to rise, which has also put increasing pressure on Hong Kong society.Therefore, the age of population is becoming increasingly serious, and it will naturally cause a sharp increase in the burden of pension and social security expenditure, which eventually endangers the foundation of social development.
As the number of local births continued to decline, the importance of migrants in Hong Kong's population growth is getting higher and higher.In recent years, the Hong Kong Government has a series of tricks, hoping to absorb talents from mainland China and even around the world to develop in Hong Kong and even take root.But in the long run, Hong Kong's demographic policy should still take the birth of locals as the top priority.
In the last time, in order to re -evoke the vitality of the city, the Hong Kong Government launched a series of activities of "Happy Hong Kong", including the "Hong Kong Theater Day" and the Gourmet Market, so that citizens can spend free or cheap consumption.Many Hong Kong people praised the launch of "Happy Hong Kong", and they have never been so happy under the epidemic in recent years.
However, Hong Kong has just begun to reconnect, and the economy still needs to take a long time to return to the level. The Hong Kong government's "Happy Hong Kong" activity and the previous Hong Kong issuing consumer coupons have to be spent.As the philosopher Schopenhauer said, happily plays a negative role. When the pain appears, happiness disappears.Activities similar to "Happy Hong Kong" are like fireworks, which can only bring short happiness.To make Hong Kong people full of happiness for a long time, it is still necessary to solve the basic problems facing their lives, such as curbing property prices, allowing everyone to live in peace, and so on.
Similarly, in order to solve the problem of low fertility rates in Hong Kong people, in addition to considering providing incentives, in the long run, it is necessary to try to develop the economy and build Hong Kong to become a livable city.Only in this way can more Hong Kong people are willing to give birth.
