Zhou Xiaochuan, a former president of the People's Bank of China, said that China's existing pension foundation is not very good, the future challenges are large, and the funding gap will rely on personal pension to supplement.
According to the interface news report, Zhou Xiaochuan said on the forum hosted by Financial and Economic Magazine on Saturday (February 25): "One of the reality in China is that there are many people, and the pension is continuously expanded. Generally speaking,Due to aging, the pension fund pool is easy to have gaps. In this case, the pension arranged by the country's overall arrangements is the basis, and it will not be too high, or a relatively large gap will rely on personal pension to supplement it to a large extent to supplement it.. "
He pointed out that from the perspective of social discussions, the new personal pension system is good, but the incentive mechanism is weak.The first thing is that there are still certain defects in the existing personal income tax."In fact, this can be changed. Of course, this is not a day's work. Most people need to pay taxes, but due to various factors, such as population, family burden, pensions, etc.In this regard, you need to make improvements. "
Why does the incentive mechanism show no display in China?Zhou Xiaochuan believes that to a large extent, the social security funds paid by enterprises have been used to collect the current payment. "The number of Chinese enterprises has paid a lot.The cost burden has affected the competitiveness of the enterprise. Later, it lowered 4 percentage points, becoming 16%, and 16%is also a very high level. "
For the gap in pension, some people think thatThere must be roads in front of the mountain. At that time, the retirement age can be extended, and the payment ratio of the enterprise can be increased.Zhou Xiaochuan believes that although there is room for extending the retirement age, it is not to extend how many years they want to extend. This involves the average health level and the productivity of the elderly, and the enterprise will also consider cost.The proportion of the enterprise is not randomly adjusted. The reason why corporate social security supply is adjusted from 20%to 16%, because compared with the competitiveness of the enterprise, the financial cost of corporate financial costs is too heavy."Even if 16%of the world is very high in the world, and this 16%cannot reach the personal account of the employee, it will not play an incentive role to the labor remuneration of employees, which will affect the competitiveness of the company."
Zhou Xiaochuan said that because the pension part of Chinese enterprises is used for cash and paid, after a long time, a concept of "three pillars" is formed, which is different from the concept of "three pillars" in the world.One pillar of China was arranged by the government, the two pillars were arranged by the enterprise, and the three pillars were personal and commercial.This is different from the generally used situation internationally. The "three pillars" used in the World Bank and OECD are different from the concepts of the "four pillars" and "five pillars" that later said.
Zhou Xiaochuan also made suggestions: First, do not avoid problems.Second, don't think that this problem is long -term, and there are many prolonged opportunities. It will be more difficult to choose again in the future.Third, pay attention to the cure, do not only cure the standard, at least the combination of the standard and cure the standard; do not treat the disease without treating the disease, so that the pain medicine will take a little more to solve the problem.Fourth, the research tasks and challenges of Chinese pensions are huge.China's foundation is not good, the population is large, and the aging is particularly serious. It is almost the most prominent aging trend in the world. Coupled with the transition, the gap may be larger.
In November 2022, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of China announced the launch of the personal pension system.
