Source: Observer.com
Author: Shi Yang
This week, the Chinese Navy ’s 075 amphibious attack ship leaving the Shanghai Shipo Shipyard Wharf began to conduct the first sea trial of the type of ship.As another large -scale large flat -sized aircraft ship of the Chinese Navy, the difference between the construction and trial rhythm of the 075 type and the trial voyage and the Liaoning and Shandong are also reflecting the significant difference between the amphibious attack ship and the carrier; at the same time, at the same time, at the same time, The Indian Army proposed the demand for bidding and procurement of its national light tanks. Although the Indian army does have a lot of demand for light tanks, it is not difficult to find the Indian army's development path for light tanks.There are all kinds of no adjustments.
Ensure that amphibious attack ships are all -weather
On August 5th, under the escort of many tugboats, the No. 075 amphibious attack ship's first ship began to conduct its first trial.Since the ship has officially launched on September 25 last year, the loading time has been over 11 months, and it has overcome the adverse effects of production accidents on the ship, and completed the installation of carrier -based systems including carrier weapons and electronic equipment.As a first -type amphibious attack ship, from the speed of construction, the construction speed of the 075 type is quite rapid.
As the largest tonnial warship built in the Huangpu River, the huge size of the 075 type must be saled safely in the Huangpu River. There are still many difficulties.Because of this, during the process of driving out of the Huangpu River on the type 075, in addition to the back and after hugs of various workboats, the people's navy also did its best: including the original mooring at the Wharf River Wharf Pier,The four 072 tank landing ships and multiple frigates left Huangpu River temporarily avoided the stroke before departure from the first -level ships of the 075 type, so that the future comrades -in -arms can make more spacious waterway waters.
From the perspective of the construction progress, the 075 amphibious attack ship's first ship consumed from the water to the first trial of 10 and a half months. Compared with the first domestic aircraft carrier Shandong ship, the first trial of the first trial and 17 days was shortened.However, considering the complexity of the aircraft carrier in the structure, this time gap is not strange; because the first sea test is mainly conducted by the power system test, other equipment on the ship has not completed all debugging or even installation. It is normal.
However, compared with the state of the hull structure when the ship is laid off, and there is only a few perspectives in the process of loading, it has given a rare opportunity to the outside world.The appearance of the attack ship and get more situations about this type of amphibious attack ship.
As an amphibious attack ship with huge internal space, although there is no doubt that the ship will also be equipped with a barn, dock, vehicle deck, and a large number of land war players, but the above part of the distribution in the ship and the size of the space occupied space is the size of the space.The ratio cannot be clear at a glance, and can only speculate internally from the characteristics of the appearance and overall layout of the amphibious attack ship.
On the type 075 amphibious attack ship, through the location of the ship ascending, we can not only infer the approximate size of the ship on the board, but also reverse the other parts of the other parts on the ship on the ship.The proportion of space is generally analyzed, and the Chinese Navy's demand for various types of ships on various types of ships on various types of ships, as well as the huge value of the Chinese Navy reflected in the type 075 amphibious attack ships, and the 075 type of the farcerous amphibious combat ship formation.
For various types of flat -dough -board aircraft using lifts, the position of the lift is generally arranged at the edge of the wound on the ship, and try to choose far apart in order to conveniently put the carrier -based aircraft in each corner of the governing.Quickly upgrade to the flying deck; at the same time, in order to take care of the carrier -based aircraft on the flying deck, the positioning and dispatching of the aircraft, and preparing operations, the position of the lift on the flight deck must also be paid attention to.Do not affect other normal homework on the flying deck.
On the type 075 amphibious attack ship, you can see the two large lifts of the two front and rear: the back edge of the front lift and the front of the ship island is flat, indicating that the starting point of its governing mayFate; the rear elevator is located at the tail, indicating that the back edge of the glory is straight to the tail.In this way, on the 075 amphibious attack ship with a length of about 240 meters, the length of the barren deck is at least 130 meters, and its area is likely to exceed the American Hornet -class amphibious attack ship with a tonnage.s level.The larger area of the hangar undoubtedly means that more helicopter's installation capacity will naturally put forward higher requirements for the aviation fuel carriers on the ship.
With the limited total space inside the amphibious attack ship, the enhancement of aviation operational capacity will naturally make it a certain sacrifice in other fields.The large dock and vehicle deck design of the type 071 comprehensive landing ship may have reduced a certain degree of reduction in the 075 type. The corresponding ship's graphic landing capacity and heavy equipment installation capacity will also decline.
For the Chinese Navy's distant land landing combat formation, amphibious attack ships will avoid single fighting in most cases, and forms formations such as the 071 comprehensive landing ship and even the 072 tank landing ship, and jointly combat as the core of the formation.Among the formations of each duty, the 075 amphibious attack ship must rely on its powerful aviation operation capabilities to undertake the core task of launching vertical landing in the air, and to master the battlefield situation as the core of the formation, and assume the formation command ship at the same timeA responsibility.
In contrast, the plane landing capacity of the 071 comprehensive landing ship is among the best in the dock landing ships around the world. In addition, the number of equipment is large enough to make up for the relatively short board of this combat capability.From the perspective of equilibrium loading, type 075 also has the ability to log in and plane landing operations at the same time, so that the ship also has the ability to perform amphibious combat alone, which has increased its flexibility of its combat.
Although the Chinese Navy has the second largest amphibious transportation power in the world, and the distant sea amphibious combat capability represented by the type 071 comprehensive landing ship has begun to be prototype, but the short -term landing operation capacity represented by an amphibious attack ship is short.The board is still very serious so far.It is for this reason that compared with the state where the general state built an amphibious attack ship or the United States, when the United States maintains a certain equipment scale, it maintains its normal rotation rhythm.Before and after the first 075 -type type 075, the hull structure of the third 075 amphibious attack ship has begun to see the prototype in the dry dock of the Hudong Shipyard.
This means that the Chinese Navy will continue to build and equip forces of three 075 amphibious attack ships in a short period of time, which is similar to that of aircraft carriers, forming an amphibious attack ship that can be used at any time.Although this will bring severe challenges to the Chinese Navy's rapid combat effectiveness, and at the same time, it will also drive the rapid expansion of the Chinese Navy's aviation carrier transport helicopter forces.The amphibious landing operation of the air landing and the synthetic brigade will no longer be an action that needs to be carefully planned, but can be washed with Dongfeng to become a new normal in the situation in the Taiwan Strait.
What kind of new lightness need in India
Because the military confrontation between China and India in the western border is not over, and the Indian government and the military tried to take this opportunity to meet their actual needs, the Indian army prepared for the procurement of procurement on the grounds of tight border situations on the grounds of tight border situations.Recently, there is a new desire list MDASH; mdash; as many as 300 light tanks that can be mobilized in the air.
From the perspective of the Indian army itself, the demand for light tanks has long-term demand: India, especially the relatively weak infrastructure construction in India, especially the relatively weak infrastructure construction in the border areas.The effective use of the war tank is quite unfriendly. Although India claims to have more than 8 million kilometers of roads, most of them are gravel roads or even dirt roads without hardening roads.Although the railway line is in all directions, the extremely low operating efficiency leads to it as a armored partThe speed of team battles and strategic mobility is difficult to guarantee; coupled with India's combat to determine that there are many zones that require light tanks. The Indian Army has long been strange to the indifference of light tank equipment.
However, from the Indian media reports and the statement of the Indian Ministry of Defense, the purpose of India's purchase of light tanks is not to make up for the dead sheep, but a pure comparison mentality mdash; mdash; because the Indian army learned from the public report from China, it was learned that the PLAThe 15 -type light tanks with excellent high -altitude motion combat capabilities are installed in the Tibet Military Region.
Military reserve construction was originally a bit unreliable with the mentality of children's family. After that, the media reported by the media reported in the procurement of light tanks was even more confusing.
The light tank preferred by the Indian army turned out to be a Russian octopus light tank. Although this equipment has entered the Russian military, the system itself is relatively mature.The 2A75 125mm gun and bullet automatic bullet -loading machine with the same caliber of the active tanks are also convenient for logistics support. The 18 -ton battle can be convenient to carry out airdrops or even airdrops.As a result, its protection combat capabilities are extremely low, and the fire control system of its active models is quite rude. Even the improved models launched by the Russian army, its informatization combat capabilities are one level lower than that of the 15 -type tank.
In addition, in terms of the most critical maneuverability, octopus that can reach 28 hp/ton of skills in low altitude areas is not optimized for the plateau environment.It is necessary to increase by 30-50%, and the maneuverability must be greatly reduced.As a purpose of fighting the 15 -type light tank, the overall performance of octopus can be said to be almost unqualified.
Perhaps it is precisely because of this consideration that the National Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) on behalf of the Light of India (DRDO) also proposed two self -developed light tank solutions, and proposed to develop three prototypes in 18 months.One of the schemes comes from 1983 that the Indian self-produced light tank plan announced as early as 1996, using India's BMP-2 infantry chariot chassis to be equipped with a legal 105mm turret.However, this plan has been abandoned for a long time, and even if its performance is restored, it is seriously behind the times.
Therefore, another solution that looks more advanced and bolder has also been mentioned: using the chassis of the Korean K-9 self-propelled artillery produced by India, replacing the modular turret developed by the Cakelier Defense Corporation for a modular turret developed by the Belgian John John.You can use 105mm or 120 mm artillery.
From a technical perspective, India does have the possibility of converting the K-9 self-propelled artillery into a light tank through the outsourcing turret.John Middot; The modular turret developed by the Cocley Defense Company and the artillery performance it used is a good level internationally. With the K-9 self-propelled artillery chassis and a 1,000-horsepower engine, it can theoretically have good maneuverability in theoryEssence
However, on the one hand, the original weight of the K-9 self-propelled artillery is as high as 47 tons. Although the change of turret can reduce its weight, it is difficult to reduce its total weight; especially the K-9 as a self-propelled artillery, in order to facilitate the cannon group staff,The origin of the K-9 self-propelled artillery, the car's protection capacity is quite limited, and because of its large weight, it is also difficult to further enhance the protectThe prospects of Hellip; K-9 to light tank are obviously not optimistic.
With the full increase in the combat of the contemporary main battle tank, many countries with special needs and interests of light tanks in recent years have begun to re -develop light tanks, and considering control development costs and reducing technical difficulties, using armored transport vehicles using armored transportation vehiclesInfantry chariots and even self -propelled artillery chassis, such as the development of light tanks, have become a common technical path as a technical foundation.However, due to the fundamental differences between tanks and other armored vehicles in the basic needs, most of the light tanks that have been modified through modified do not solve the most critical defense capabilities of light armored vehicles, nor can they control the full weight of the battle. In the endIt became a 30 -ton tank fighter car, but the positioning was embarrassing.
In this series of light tanks, only Chinese 15 -type light tanks are used as special cases. From the beginning, it emphasizes its special combat usage environment. The combat requirements around the plateau environment require the development of a new light tank, and to ensure firepower and maneuverabilityAt the same time, it has strengthened the protection capacity of the tank as much as possible. In the end, the 15 -type light tank becomes an advantageous equipment with strong protection and survivability when it can effectively use and fight against the target of fake opponents in its expected combat area.EssenceAnd this kind of equipment research and development attitude starting from scratch, to a certain extent, is what is lacking in the R & D of Indian weapons and equipment that is targeted for short and fast.
